Lý thuyết và bài tập Thì hiện tại đơn (Simple present)

Thì hiện tại đơn (Simple Present)
I. Thể khẳng định
S + V(inf) / V(s/es) 
Chúng ta chia động từ tùy thuộc vào chủ ngữ, cụ thể :
I, You, We, They + V(inf) - động từ nguyên thể
He, She, It + V(s/es)
 am: I
TOBE của thì hiện tại đơn is: He, She, It
 are: You, we, They 
E.x: He is a doctor
 They are teachers
Lưu ý: Ta thêm ‘es’ sau các động từ có tận cùng là: O, S, X, CH, SH
E.x: do -> does, pass -> passes, fix -> fixes, watch -> watches, wash -> washes
 - Các động từ có tận cùng là ‘y’ và trước đó là phụ âm -> đổi ‘y’ thành ‘i’ rồi mới thêm ‘es’
E.x: study -> studies, carry -> carries, fly -> flies
 - Các động từ còn lại khi chia chỉ thêm ‘s’
E.x: play -> plays, swim -> swims, sing -> sings
- Đặc biệt: have -> has
II/ Cách dùng: Thì hiện tại đơn dùng để diễn tả
+ Một thói quen, một hành động thường xuyên ở hiện tại
E.x: He usually does morning exercise everyday
 I often go to school at 6.45 a.m
+ Một chân lý, một sự thật hiển nhiên
E.x: The Earth goes round The Sun
 Water freezes at 0oC
 I am a student
III/ Các phó từ thường được dùng với thì hiện tại đơn
+ Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never . (đứng sau TOBE và trước động từ)
+ Everyday / week / month / year  (có thể đứng ở đầu câu hoặc cuối câu)
E.x: Tam usually gets good marks
 They often play soccer every week
 Everyday, I often get up at 5.30 a.m
IV/ Thể phụ định
S + don’t / doesn’t + V(inf)
Dùng don’t hay doesn’t là tùy theo chủ ngữ (như trên)
E.x: Truong doesn’t smoke cigarettes
V/ Câu hỏi
Từ hỏi (question word) + do / does + S + V(inf) ?
Câu nghi vấn: Do / Does + S + V(inf) ? 
 -> Yes, S + do/does or No, S + don’t / doesn’t
E.x: Do you like playing sport ? -> Yes, I do
Bài tập
Bài 1: Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1.Robin (play)..........football every Sunday.
2. We (have)..........a holiday in December every year.
3.He often (go)..........to work late.
4. The moon (circle)..........around the earth.
5.The flight (start)..........at 6 a.m every Thursday.
6. Peter (not/ study)..........very hard. He never gets high scores.
7.My mother often (teach)..........me English on Saturday evenings.
8.I like Math and she (like)..........Literature.
9.My sister (wash)..........dishes every day.
10. They (not/ have)..........breakfast every morning.
Bài 2: Hoàn thành các câu sau với từ trong ngoặc
1. My brothers (sleep) on the floor. (often) 
=> 
2. He (stay) up late? (sometimes) 
=> 
3. I (do) the housework with my brother. (always) 
=> 
4. Peter and Mary (come) to class on time. (never) 
=> 
5. Why Johnson (get) good marks? (always) 
=> 
6. You (go) shopping? (usually) 
=> 
7. She (cry). (seldom) 
=> 
8. My father (have) popcorn. (never) 
=> 
Bài 3: Điền vào chỗ trống
Mary is a teacher. She teaches English. The children love her and they (1).........a lot from her. Mary (2).........home at 3.00 and (3).........lunch. Then she sleeps for an hour. In the afternoon she (4).........swimming or she cleans her house. Sometimes she (5).........her aunt and (6).........tea with her. Every Sunday she does the shopping with her friends.
Bài 4: Chia động từ 
My cousin, Peter (have)...........a dog. It (be)...........an intelligent pet with a short tail and big black eyes. Its name (be)...........Kiki and it (like)...........eating pork. However, it (never/ bite)...........anyone; sometimes it (bark)...........when strange guests visit. To be honest, it (be)...........very friendly. It (not/ like)...........eating fruits, but it (often/ play)...........with them. When the weather (become)...........bad, it (just/ sleep)...........in his cage all day. Peter (play)...........with Kiki every day after school. There (be)...........many people on the road, so Peter (not/ let)...........the dog run into the road. He (often/ take)...........Kiki to a large field to enjoy the peace there. Kiki (sometimes/ be)...........naughty, but Peter loves it very much
Bài 5: Hoàn thành các câu sau
1. ....... Jack like eating hamburgers? => Yes, ........
2. ....... you get up early on Sundays? => No, ........
3. ....... the students always work hard for the exam? => No, ........
4. ....... the train leave at noon every day? => Yes, ........
5. ....... he often play the guitar? => No, ........
6. ....... they take a taxi to school every morning? => Yes, ........
7. ....... Anna and Daisy visit their old teachers on winter holidays? => No, ........
8. ....... water boil at 100 degrees Celsius? => Yes, ........
KEY
B1: 
1.Robin (play) plays football every Sunday.
2. We (have) have a holiday in December every year.
3.He often (go) goes to work late.
4. The moon (circle) circles around the earth.
5.The flight (start) starts at 6 a.m every Thursday.
6. Peter (not/ study) doesn't study very hard. He never gets high scores.
7.My mother often (teach) teaches me English on Saturday evenings.
8.I like Math and she (like) likes Literature.
9.My sister (wash) washes dishes every day.
10. They (not/ have) don't have breakfast every morning.
B2: 
=> My brothers often sleep on the floor.
=> Does he sometimes stay up late?
=> I always do the housework with my brother.
=> Peter and Mary never come to class on time.
=> Why does Johnson always get good marks?
=> Do you usually go shopping?
=> She seldom cries.
=> My father never has popcorn.
B3: 
(1) learn 
(2) comes 
(3) has 
(4) goes 
(5) meets 
(6) drinks
B4: 
My cousin, Peter (have) has a dog. It (be) is an intelligent pet with a short tail and big black eyes. Its name (be) is Kiki and it (like) likes eating pork. However, it (never/ bite) never bites anyone; sometimes it (bark) barks when strange guests visit. To be honest, it (be) is very friendly. It (not/ like) doesn't like eating fruits, but it (often/ play) often plays with them. When the weather (become) becomes bad, it (just/ sleep) just sleeps in his cage all day. Peter (play) plays with Kiki every day after school. There (be) are many people on the road, so Peter (not/ let) doesn't let the dog run into the road. He (often/ take) often takes Kiki to a large field to enjoy the peace there. Kiki (sometimes/ be) is sometimes naughty, but Peter loves it very much.
B5: 
1. Does Jack like eating hamburgers? => Yes, he does.
2. Do you get up early on Sundays? => No, I don't.
3. Do the students always work hard for the exam? => No, they don't.
4. Does the train leave at noon every day? => Yes, it does.
5. Does he often play the guitar? => No, he doesn't.
6. Do they take a taxi to school every morning? => Yes, they do.
7. Do Anna and Daisy visit their old teachers on winter holidays? => No, they don't.
8. Does water boil at 100 degrees Celsius? => Yes, it does.