Chuyên đề Mệnh đề lí do và nhượng bộ

Mệnh đề lí do và nhượng bộ
Mệnh đề lí do 
Mệnh đề nhượng bộ
because + clause (S + V)
because of + noun phrase/ V-ing
Although + clause (S + V)
In spite of + noun phrase/ V-ing
Cách chuyển từ mệnh đề sang cụm từ, từ
1) Nếu chủ ngữ 2 mệnh đề giống nhau: Bỏ chủ ngữ, động từ thêm ING .
Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time.
Despite / in spite of getting up late, Tom got to school on time.
2) Nếu chủ từ là danh từ + be + tính từ: Đem tính từ đặt trứoc danh từ, bỏ to be
Although the rain is heavy,.......
Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, ......
3) Nếu mệnh đề gồm đại từ + be + tính từ : Đổi đại từ thành sỡ hửu, đổi tính từ thành danh từ, bỏ be
Although He was sick,........
Despite / in spite of his sickness,.......
4) Nếu mệnh đề gồm đại từ + động từ + trạng từ: Đổi đại từ thành sở hữu, động từ thành danh từ, trạng từ thành tính từ đặt trước danh từ
Although he behaved impolitely,.....
Despite / in spite of his impolite behavior ,.........
5) Nếu câu có dạng : there be + danh từ: Thì bỏ there be
Although there was an accident ,..... Despite / in spite of a accident,....
Mệnh đề chỉ lý do làm tương tự
Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with although/ in spite of/ because/ because of.
1. ....... the meeting's at 2.00, I won't be able to see you.
2. ......I told the absolute truth, no one would believe me.
3. My mother is always complaining................ the untidiness of my room.
4. I didn't get the job...................I had all the necessary qualifications.
5. his age, John was not hired ....................he had the necessary qualifications.
6. You can't enter this secure area....you don't have an official permission.
7.... it was sunny, it was quite a cold day.
8. Several people in the crowd became ill and faintedthe extreme heat.
9...........having a bad cough, she was able to sing in the choir.
10. Sarah can't climb up the tree...... her fear of heights.
Exercise 2: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means as the same as the sentence printed before it.
1. Because of the rough sea, the ferry couldn’t sail. 
 - > Because .
2. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his life.
-> In spite of .
3. Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car.
-> In spite of .
4. There were a lot of accidents because of the icy roads.
-> Because .
5. They went out in spite of heavy rain.
-> Although .
6. Although his book was successful, he decided not to write any more.
-> In spite of . 
7. Cars cause pollution but people still want them.
 - > Although .
8. I wanted to see Mr Brown. I phoned his company.
-> Because I .
9. Jenny ran fast but she didn’t win the race.
-> In spite if the fact that 
10.He didn't go to school because his illness.
-> Because he .