Bài tập Tiếng anh lớp 8 về Câu tường thuật (Có đáp án)

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BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 VỀ CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT
1. “Open the door,” he said to them.
- He told them..................................................................................................
2. “Where are you going?” he asked her.
- He asked her where....................................................................................... 
3. “Which way did they go?” he asked.
- He asked... ...................................................................................................
4. “Bring it back if it doesn’t fit”, I said to her.
- I told... ...........................................................................................................
5. “Don’t try to open it now,” she said to us.
-She told... ..........................................................................................................
6. “Is it going to be a fine day today?” I asked her.
- I asked her... ..................................................................................................
7. “He’s not at home”, she said.
- She said that... ...............................................................................................
8. “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked.
- The girl wanted to know... ......................................................................... 
9. “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said.
- Tom told Ann... ............................................................................................. 
10. “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her.
- He asked... .......................................................................................................
11. “Jean, have you seen my gloves?” Thomas asked.
- Thomas asked Jean........................................................................................................
12. Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said.
- I told Mary.... ...................................................................................................................
13. “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said.
- She said that................................................................................................................
14. “I’ll pay him if I can” she said.
- She said that... ..........................................................................................................
15. “What are you going to do next summer?” she asked.
- She asked us.... ..............................................................................................................
16. “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack.
- He told Jack that.... ........................................................................................................ 
17. “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked.
- Tom asked Jean.... ................................................................................................. 
18. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said.
- He said that.... ...........................................................................................................
19. “Don’t keep the door locked,” he said to us.
- He told us.... ............................................................................................................
20. “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him.
- I asked him how long..................................................................................................
21. “Are you going by train?” she asked me.
- She wanted to know.... .............................................................................................. 
22. “Don’t use too much hot water,” she said to us.
- She asked us.... ............................................................................................................ 
23. “Will you come to my party?” she said to me.
- She invited me.... .......................................................................................... 
24. “Don’t do it again,” she said to them.
- She told them.............................................................................................. 
25. “ Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked.
- She asked....................................................................................................
26. “Don’t get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said.
- She told...................................................................................................
27. “What do you want for lunch today, Peter?” Mary asked.
- Mary asked............................................................................................
28. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter.
- Peter asked if ..........................................................................................
29. “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager.
- The office manager wondered............................................................ 
30. “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John.
- John advised Elizabeth...........................................................................................
31. “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John.
- John accused...........................................................................................................
32. “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary.
- Mary accused...........................................................................................................
33. “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse to Mrs. Bingley.
- The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley...................................................................................
34. “You should take more exercise, Mr. Robert,” the doctor said.
- The doctor advised..........................................................................................
35. “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to himself.
- Tim wondered..........................................................................................................
36. “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan.
- Paul apologized..............................................................................................
37. “When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?” Martha asked.
- Martha asked Peter when................................................................................
38. “Can I have a new bicycle?” said Anna to her mother.
- Anna asked.......................................................................................................
39.. “Don’t leave the house until I get back, William”, his mother said.
- William’s mother told.....................................................................................
40. “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs. Rogers to her son.
- Mrs. Rogers told....... .............................................................................
41. “I’ve seen the film three times, Mary” said George.
- George said............................................................................................
42. “I’m sorry, Angela,” said Martin, “I’m afraid I’ve damaged your car.
- Martin apologized..................................................................................
43. “Have you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us.
- The landlady asked................................................................................
44. “ John, please don’t tell anyone my new address,” said Mary.
- Mary asked............................................................................................
45. “Breakfast will not be served after 9. 30” said the notice.
- The notice said that..............................................................................
46. “Where is the best place to buy souvenirs?”
- I asked..................................................................................................
47. “Don’t forget to bring your passport with you tomorrow”
- She reminded me ...........................................................................................
48. “Do not write on the wall,” said the teacher to the boys.
- The teacher told the boys..........
49. “How many jobs have you had since 2000?” the interviewer asked Mr. Simpson.
- The interviewer asked ........................................................................................
50. “Why didn’t you report the incident to the police?” the officer asked the frightened witness.
- The officer wanted to know...................................................................................
51. "If I were you,I wouldn't buy this car"
- He advised...............................................................................................................
52. "Shall I carry your suitcase, Lan?"said Nam.
- Nam offered.............................................................................................................
53. "Yes,all right,I'll share the food with you,Dave."
- Ann agreed..............................................................................................................
54. "Sue,can you remember to buy some bread?"
- Paul reminded..........................................................................................................
55. "Don't touch anything in this room",the man said to the children.
- The man ordered......................................................................................................
56. "I must go home to make the dinner",said Mary.
- Mary.......................................................................................................................
57. "Are you going to Ho Chi Minh City next week?"Tom asked me.
- Tom asked..............................................................................................................
58. "Have you finished your homework?"Mom asked.
- Mom asked if..........................................................................................................
59. She said to me:"I can't do it by myself"
- She told me that......................................................................................................
60. "Does your brother live in London,Nam?"Lan asked.
- Lan wanted to know if..............................................................................................
61. "Don't repeat this mistake again."his father warned him.
- His father warned him...............................................................................................
62. "Give me a smile,"The photographer said to me.
- The.........................................................................................................................
63. "Don't leave these book on the table" ,the librarian said to the students 
- The librarian told the students..
64. "Have you travelled abroad much?"he asked me.
- He............................................................................................................................
65. "Who has written this note?" the boss asked the secretary.
- The boss asked........................................................................................................
66. "I have just received a postcard from my sister,"my friend said to me.
- My friend told me.....................................................................................................
67. "This story happened long ago"he said.
- He said...................................................................................................................
Đáp án
1. He told them to open the door.
2. He asked her where she was going.
3. He asked me which way they had gone.
4. I told her to bring it back if it didn’t fit.
5. She told us not to try to open it then.
6. I asked her whether/ if it was going to be a fine day that day.
7. She said that he was not at home.
8. The girl wanted to know whether/ if the bus station was far away.
9. Tom told Ann not to stay out late.
10. He asked her to let him borrow her car.
11. Thomas asked Jean whether/if she had seen his gloves.
12. I told Mary not to leave the window open.
13. She said that she would have a cup of tea with me.
14. She said that she would pay him if she could.
15. She asked us what we were going to do the following summer.
16. He told Jack that he would phone him the following day.
17. Tom asked Jean whether/if he could sit beside her.
18. He said that he wanted a camera for his birthday.
19. He told us not to keep the door locked.
20. I asked him how long he was going to stay.
21. She wanted to know whether I was going by train.
22. She asked us not to use too much hot water.
23. She invited me to come to her party.
24. She told them not to do it again.
25. She asked whether/ if Mr. Brown sent the potatoes to me.
26. She told the boys not to get their shoes dirty.
27. Mary asked what Peter wanted for lunch that day.
28. Peter asked Janet whether/ if he could borrow her typewriter.
29. The office manager wondered why he hadn’t got a computer before.
30. John advised Elizabeth not to lend him any more money.
31. John accused Amanda of stealing his best cassette.
32. Mary accused John of damaging her bicycle.
33. The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley when her little boy had been born.
34. The doctor advised Mr. Robert to take more exercise.
35. Tim wondered whether/ if he would find a job.
36. Paul apologized to Susan for giving her the wrong number.
37. Martha asked Peter when the first day of his holiday was.
38. Anna asked her mother whether/ if she could have a new bicycle.
39. William’s mother told him not to leave the house until she got back.
40. Mrs. Rogers told her son not to bite his nails.
41. George said to Mary that he had seen the film three times.
42. Martin apologized to Angela for having damaged her car.
43. The landlady asked us whether/if we had had enough for lunch.
44. Mary asked John not to tell anyone her new address.
45. The notice said that breakfast would not be served after 9.30.
46. I asked where the best place to buy souvenirs was.
47. She reminded me to bring my passport with me the following day.
48. The teacher told the boys not to write on the wall.
49. The interviewer asked Mr. Simpson how many jobs he had had since 2000.
50. The officer wanted to know why the frightened witness hadn’t reported the incident to the police.
51. He advised me not to buy that car.
52. Nam offered to carry Lan's suitcase.
53. Ann agreed to share the food with Dave.
54. Paul reminded Sue to buy some bread.
55. The man ordered the children not to touch anything in that room.
56. Mary said that she had to go home to make the dinner.
57. Tom asked me if/whether I was going to Ho Chi Minh City the next week/the following week.
58. Mom asked if I had finished my homework.
59. She told me that she couldn't do it by herself.
60. Lan wanted to know if Nam's brother lived in London.
61. His father warned him not to repeat that mistake again.
62. The photographer told me to give a smile.
63. The librarian told the student not to leave those books on the table.
64. He asked me if I had travelled abroad much.
65. The boss asked the secretary who had written that note.
66. My friend told me she had just received a postcard from his sister.
67. He said that story had happened long before
CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT
Các thay đổi về nội dung
1)Thay đổi về người:
Trong các sách văn phạm người ta thường nói : ngôi thứ nhất thì đổi thành gì, ngôi thứ hai thì đổi thành gì . Thật tình mà nói trong quá trình giảng dạy tôi thấy rất nhiều em hoàn toàn không hiểu khái niệm “ ngôi thứ nhất” “ ngôi thứ hai” là gì cả ! Từ “thực tế phủ phàng” đó chúng ta thống nhất không dùng khái niệm “ngôi” ngiếc gì ở đây hết, mà các em chỉ cần nhớ “câu thần chú” này là đủ:
TÔI đổi thành NGƯỜI NÓI
BẠN đổi thành NGƯỜI NGHE
TÔI ở đây các em phải hiểu là bao gồm tất cả các đại từ nào mà dịch ra tiếng việt có chữ TÔI trong đó ,bao gồm : I : tôi (chủ từ), my : của tôi, me : tôi (túc từ). Tương tự chữ BẠN cũng vậy, bao gồm : you : bạn (chủ từ),  your : của bạn, you : bạn (túc từ).
Lưu ý là khi đổi thành người nghe hay người nói thì các em phải dùng đại từ chứ không lặp lại tên hay danh từ nhé.
Ví dụ:
My mother said to me “ I will give you a present.”
I : tôi => người nói : my mother nhưng không để vậy mà phải đổi thành đại từ, vì mẹ tôi là phụ nữ - chủ từ  nên đổi thành she
You : bạn => người nghe : me
Cuối cùng ta có :
My mother said to me  she would give me a present.
Bảng đại từ
Chủ từ
Túc từ
Của
Nghĩa
I
Me
My
Tôi
You
You
Your
Bạn, các bạn
She
Her
Her
Cô ấy,
He
Him
His
Anh ấy
We
Us
Our
Chúng tôi, chúng ta
It
It
Its
Nó
They
Them
Their
Họ, chúng
2)Thay đổi về thời gian:
Now  => then
Tomorrow  => the next day / the following day
Next  => the next
Yesterday  => the day before /  the previous day
Ago  => before
Last + thời điểm  => the + thời điểm before
Next -> the following
3)Thay đổi về nơi chốn:
Here  => there
This => that
These => those
4)Thay đổi về thì:
Nếu động từ tường thuật bên ngoài dấu ngoặc ở quá khứ thì khi thuật lại lời nói trong ngoặc ta phải giảm thì.
Giảm thì là lấy động từ gần chủ từ nhất giảm xuống 1 cột. Ví dụ cột 1 thì giảm thành cột 2, ( không phải là động từ bất qui tắc thì thêm ed), cột 2 thì giảm thành cột 3 ( riêng cột 3 không đứng 1 mình được nên phải thêm had phía trước )
Ví dụ:
she is => she was
She goes => she went    ( cột 2 của go là went )
She went => she had gone ( vì gone là cột 3 nên phải thêm had vào phía trước gone )
She will be => she would be ( chỉ cần lấy 1 động từ gần chủ từ nhất là will để giảm thì chứ không lấy be )
Lưu ý:
Các trường hợp sau đây không giảm thì:
- Chân lý, sự thật.
- Trong câu có năm xác định.
- Thì quá khứ hoàn thành.
- Câu thuộc cấu trúc đã giảm thì rồi ( Sau: as if, as though, if only, wish, it's high time, would rather, câu điều kiện loại 2, 3 )
Ở mức độ căn bản, câu tường thuật có thể chia làm 4 loại sau:
1)    Câu phát biểu :
Là loại câu nói bình thường như : “ I am a student” , “She didn’t like dogs”
Cách làm:
Đối với loại câu này ta chỉ cần áp dụng những Thay đổi cơ bản mà thôi.
Ví dụ:
Mary said:” I will study in this school next year”
=> Mary said she would study in that school the following year.
2)     Câu mệnh lệnh:
Là loại câu yêu cầu người khác làm gì đó, cách nhận dạng câu mệnh lệnh là:
Đầu câu là:
-        Động từ nguyên mẫu.
-        Don’t
-        Can you
-        Could you
-        Would you
-        Would you mind
-        Please ( please có thể ở cuối câu)
Cách làm:
Áp dụng công thức sau:
Người nói asked / told + người nghe (not) to inf.
Nếu có don’t thì ta dùng not
Lưu ý là đối với câu mệnh lệnh, nhất thiết phải có người nghe cho nên việc tìm người nghe 
Các bước tìm người nghe từ dễ đến khó như sau:
-        Đối những câu mà đề bài người ta cho sẵn : chỉ việc lấy đó mà sử dụng.
Ví dụ:
Mary said to Tom :””
-        Đối với những câu người nghe được để ở cuối câu: (phải có dấu phẩy trước người nghe) : ta chỉ việc đem lên mà sử dụng:
Ví dụ:
“Give me the book, Mary “said the man.
=> The man told Mary to give him the book.
Trong trường hợp đó là các chữ : mum , dad thì phải đổi thành sở hửu + mother / father .Các danh từ như : boy, girl ..vv. thì phải thêm the phía trước
Ví dụ:
“Please give me some money, Mum “said the boy.
-   The boy told his mother to give him some money.
“Don’t stay here, boys” the man said.
=> The man told the boys not to stay there.
- Đối với các câu không có người nghe ở bên ngoài ngoặc và ở cuối câu cũng không nhắc đến thì ta xem trước người nói có sở hửu gì không, nếu có thì ta lấy sở hửu đó làm ngườì nghe.
Ví dụ:
His mother said "..."
Thấy có sở hửu his ( mẹ của anh ấy => người nghe là anh ấy : him )
=> His mother told him...
- Trường hợp xem xét cả 3 cách trên mà vẫn chưa tìm ra người nghe thì ta dùng me (tôi) làm n