Tóm tắt công thức câu điều kiện và bài tập áp dụng

TÓM TẮT CÔNG THỨC CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
Loại
Mệnh đề phụ ( IF )
Mệnh đề chính
1A
IF + S + V1/S/ES + ......,
S + V1/S/ES + ......
1B
IF + S + V1/S/ES + ......,
S + WILL V0 + ......
2
IF + S + WERE / V2/ED + ......,
S + WOULD V0 + ......
3
IF + S + HAD V3/ED + ......,
S + WOULD HAVE V3 /ED + ......
HAD + S + V3/ED + ......,
Lưu ý: Chữ IF: NẾU; chữ UNLESS: NẾU KHÔNG; chữ OR:... HOẶC LÀ...... NẾU KHÔNG/ ... NẾU KHÔNG...
Do đó: 1) IF + Mệnh đề khẳng định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề phủ định
	2) IF + Mệnh đề phủ định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề khẳng định
Cách dịch đối với câu dùng UNLESS / OR:
Nếu UNLESS ( hoặc OR) đặt đầu câu thì dịch mệnh đề chính ( mệnh đề bên phải dấu phẩy) trước.
Nếu UNLESS ( hoặc OR) đặt giữa câu thì dịch từ trái qua phải.
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
Hãy chọn một câu trả lời đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu tương ứng dưới đây:
If the train is late, we.. to the office.
	A) walk	B) will walk	C) would walk	D) walks
She.. if she has time.
	A) calls	B) would call	C) will call	D) calling
If it... too much, I will buy the smaller one.
	A) costs	B) will cost	C) would cost	D) cost
If the class.. full, we will find another one.
	A) are	B) will be	C) were	D) is
What will we do if the taxi..?
	A) don’t come	B) didn’t come	C) doesn’t come	D) had not come
If it snowed this summer, we skiing.
	A) goes	B) will go	C) would go	D) go
If you drove more carefully, you....so many accidents.
	A) would not have	B) will not have 	C) wouldn’t have had 	D) has
If he.. up earlier, he’d get to work on time. 
	A) gets	B) will get	C) got	D) had got
I would tell you more about it if we more time.
	A) has	B) will have	C) have	D) had
If I..you, I wouldn’t worry about going to university.
	A) am	B) be	C) were	D) had been
If you... any money, I’d give you some.
	A) hadn’t had	B) haven’t had	C) don’t have	D) didn’t have
You’d earn more money if you. more products.
	A) to sell	B) sell	C) sold	D) will sell
If I. so busy yesterday, I would have visited you.
	A) were not	B) wasn’t	C) aren’t	D) hadn’t been
If you had seen the film, you. it.
	A) will enjoy	B) would have enjoyed	C) would enjoy	D) enjoyed
She would have gone to the university if she the opportunity.
	A) has 	B) will have	C) had had	D) had
If he had been more careful, he.. an accident.
	A) would not have had	B) will not have	C) does not have	D) would not have
If you’d stayed at home, there . any trouble.
	A) would not be	B) will not be	C) is not	D) would not have been
What would you do if he. tomorrow?
	A) resigned	B) will resign	C) resigns	D) to resign
I’ll do it if he.. me.
	A) asking	B) will ask	C) asked	D) asks
If you.... for the car, we’d be able to sell it.
	A) look	B) looks	C) looked	D) had looked
I wouldn’t have believed it if I it with my own eyes.
	A) not to see	B) didn’t see	C) don’t see	D) hadn’t seen
What . if you found a burglar in your house?
	A) will you do 	B) do you do	C) would you do	D) you do
If you. more slowly, he might have understood you.
	A) spoke	B) speak	C) speaks	D) to speak
If you. careful, you will cut yourself with that knife.
	A) are not	B) were not	C) be not	D) not be
If shethis one, I will bring her another one.
	A) don’t like	B) doesn’t like	C) not like	D) to like
If I ............... him, I.. him a lift.
	A) see/ would give	B) saw/ will give	C) see/ will give	D) had seen/ will give
The table .......................... if you. on it.
	A) will collapse/ stand	B) would collapse/ stand 	
	C) would have collapsed/ stood	D) collapses/ had stood
If he all those fruits, he ............................. sick.
	A) eat / will get	B) eats/ will get	C) had eaten/ would get	D) ate/ would have got
If I .............. your passport, I.... you at once.
	A) found/ will telephone	B) find/ would telephone	C) had found/ would have telephone	D) find/ will telephone
The police him if they catch him.
	A) arrest	B) would arrest	C) will arrest	D) arrested
If he. in such a pale light, he will ruin his eyes.
	A) read	B) reads	C) to read	D) reading
Someone. your car if you leave it unlocked.
	A) steal	B) will steal	C) stole	D) would steal
What will happen if my parachute.?
	A) hadn’t opened	B) won’t open	C) doesn’t open	D) didn’t open
If he my car more carefully, I................................. him $10.
	A) washes/ would give	B) washes/ will give	C) washed/ will give 	D) washes/ would have given
If you away, I’ll send for the police at once.
	A) don’t go	B) not go	C) didn’t go 	D)hadn’t
 I.............................. very angry if he any more mistakes.
	A) am/ made	B) were/ made	C) would be/ makes	D) will be/ makes
If he late, we ............................ without him.
	A) comes/ would go	B) comes/ will go	
	C) had come/ would go 	D) came/ will go
If we .............. the car here, it.............. in anybody’s way.
	A) leave/ will be	B) leaves/will be	C) left/ will be	D) had left/ will be
He ................................. late for the train if he... at once.
	A) would be/ doesn’t start	B) will be/ doesn’t start 	C) would have been/ didn’t start	D) is / hadn’t started
If you ................... late, they. you in.
	A) arrive/ would not let	B) arrived/ wouldn’t let 	C) had arrived/ wouldn’t let	D) to arrive/ would not let
Unless he.. more, he won’t get much commission.
	A) sell	B) sells	C) sold	D) selling
If I ................... you $10, when . me?
	A) lend/ would you repay	B) lend/ will you repay	C) lent/ will you repay	D) lend/ would you have repaid
If he. hard today, ....................................... a holiday tomorrow?
	A) worked/ can he have	B) work/ he can have	C) works/ can he have	D) had worked/ he can have
Ice into water unless you heat it.
	A) don’t turn	B) doesn’t turn	C) would turn	D) would have turned
If you this one, I’ll bring you another.
	A) doesn’t like	B) will not like	C) don’t like	D) didn’t like
Unless you ................ more careful, you an accident.
	A) are/ will have	B) were/ will have	C) had been/ would have	D) be/ have
If I tell you a secret, . you promise not to tell it to anyone else?
	A) would 	B) did	C) will	D) have
If you.. what I say, ask your mother.
	A) not believe	B) not to believe	C) didn’t believe	D) don’t believe
Unless I .............. a quiet room, Inot be able to do any work.
	A) had/ will 	B) have/ will	C) has/ would have	D) had had/ would have
She ..................not open the door unless she who it was.
	A) will/ knew	B) will/ knows	C) would/ knew	D) does/ knows
If I .............. a typewriter now, I.. this contract by myself.
	A) have/ would type	B) have/ will type	C) had/ would type	D) had had/ would have typed
Unless I.. his address, I’d give it to you.
	A) didn’t know/ will give	B) don’t know/ would have given	C) knew/ would give	D) know/ will give
He. a lot better if he ...................... more often years back.
	A) would have looked/ shaved	B) will look/ shaved	C) looks/ shave	D) would have looked/ had shaved
If you for lower stakes, you ................................. so much.
	A) plays/ would lose 	B) play/ will have been losing	C) played/ won’t lose 	D) had played/ wouldn’t have lost
Unless he worked more slowly, he....... so many mistakes.
	A) would make	B) will make	C) wouldn’t make	D) won’t make
I wouldn’t drink that wine if I you.
	A) were	B) am	C) had been	D) be
More tourists . to this country unless it a better climate.
	A) would come/ had	B) wouldn’t come/ had 	C) wouldn’t come/ didn’t have	D) would come/ didn’t have
If you . your car into the river, you able to get out.
	A) drive/ weren’t	B) drove/ wouldn’t be	C) drove/ will be	D) drive/ wouldn’t be
If you.to a union, you couldn’t get a job.
	A) don’t belong	B) are belonging	C) had belong	D) didn’t belong
What .. if you found a burglar in your house?
	A) do you do	B) you do	C) would you do	D) you would do
He might get fat unless he smoking.
	A) kept on 	B) stopped	C) accepted	D) addicted
If you. someone drowning what would you do?
	A) see	B) seen	C) had seen	D) saw
I. ruined her if I bought her everything she asked for.
	A) were	B) will be	C) would have been	D) would be
I  a job easily if I... a degree.
	A) could get/ have	B) can get/ had	C) could get/ had 	D) can get/ had had
The whole machine . into pieces if you. that screw quickly.
	A) felt/ remove	B) will fall/ removed	C) would fall/ removed	D) would fall/ remove
I’d go and see him more often if he.. on a bus route.
	A) lives	B) lived	C) had lived	D) living
What would you have done if the lift struck between two floors at that time.
	A) had got	B) got	C) gets	D) getting
If you knew you had only six weeks to live, how . such a short span?
	A) did you spend	B) will you spend	C) would you spend	D) would you have spend
I’d climb over the wall if there..so much broken glass on top of it.
	A) were	B) had been 	C) are	D) is
Unless I had known that you were in hospital, I.. you.
	A) will visit	B) would have visited	C) visit	D) don’t visit
You would have seen my garden at its best if you here last week.
	A) were	B) are	C) had been	D) be
I shouldn’t have believed it if I it with my own eyes.
	A) had seen	B) saw 	C) hadn’t seen	D) didn’t see
If I. a map, I .. the way to the Post Office.
	A) had had/ would have lost	B) had had/ wouldn’t have lost 	C) had/ won’t lose	D) have/ wouldn’t have
If I. that you were coming, I’d have baked a cake.
	A) know	B) knew	C) had known	D) didn’t know
Had you left that wasp alone, it you.
	A) would have stung	B) wouldn’t sting 	C) wouldn’t have stung 	D) would sting
Unless I that the traffic lights were red, I.....
	A) had realized/ would have stopped	B) had realized/ wouldn’t have stopped	C) realized/ would stop	D) realize/ will not stop
If you  me that he had never paid his debts, I him the money.
	A) had told/ wouldn’t have lent	B) had told/ wouldn’t have been lent	C) tell/ will not lend	D) told/ would lend
If you, he wouldn’t have known that we were there.
	A) didn’t sneeze	B) won’t sneezed	C) doesn’t sneeze	D) hadn’t sneezed
If you............ some mustard in the sandwiches, they would have tasted better.
	A) put	B) puts	C) had put	D) putting
The hens. into the house if you had shut the door.
	A) couldn’t get	B) couldn’t have got	C) will not get	D) doesn’t get
Had you known that the river was dangerous, he................. to swim across it.
	A) would have tried	B) would try	C) will not try	D) wouldn’t have tried
... more slowly, he might have understood you.
	A) Had you spoken	B) Did you speak	C) If you speak	D) If you spoke
Or he had known the whole story, he.....so angry.
	A) would have been	B) wouldn’t have been	C) wouldn’t be	D) would be
Or you had been in such a hurry, you sugar into the sauce instead of salt.
	A) will not put	B) would put	C) wouldn’t have put	D) put
If I.. ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.
	A) were	B) be	C) am	D) had been
Unless you................ at the engine for a moment, you would have seen what was missing.
	A) hadn’t looked	B) didn’t look	C) look	D) looked
Daisy by her enemies or the geese had cackled so loudly.
	A) would have been captured	B) wouldn’t have been captured	C) will have been captured	D) won’t have been captured
He would have been arrested by the policemen or he. to leave the country.
	A) doesn’t try	B) tries	C) had tried	D) hadn’t tried 
I a taxi if I .............................. that it was a long way.
	A) will take/ realizes	B) would take/ doesn’t realize	C) wouldn’t have taken/ had realized	D) wouldn’t take/ realized
Unless you ................... the examination, they a party for you.
	A) pass/ won’t celebrate	B) passed/ won’t celebrate	
	C) pass/ will celebrate	D) had passed/ would celebrate
I should have voted for her if I. a vote then.
	A) didn’t have	B) had	C) had had	D) have
If you go to Paris, where .?
	A) will you stay	B) you stayed	C) did you stay	D) had you stayed
The flight may be cancelled unless the fog.. thick.
	A) got	B) gets	C) didn’t get	D) doesn’t get
If youthe instructions carefully, you wouldn’t have answered the wrong questions.
	A) read	B) had read	C) reads	D) to read
I could repair the roofs myself if I. a long ladder.
	A) have	B) had	C) has	D) had had
Unless they turn that radio off, I. mad.
	A) go	B) went	C) will go 	D) had gone
We’ll have a long way to walk if we out of petrol here.
	A) got	B) get	C) didn’t get	D) don’t get
If you shake the bottle of port- a kind of vine, it. fit to drink.
	A) were not	B) is	C) won’t be 	D) would be
I’ll probably get lost or he with me.
	A) goes	B) went	C) had gone	D) doesn’t go
You. many accidents or you drove extremely slowly.
	A) will get	B) got	C) wouldn’t get	D) would get
If youa false beard nobody would have recognized you.
You’ll get pneumonia ( bệnh viêm phổi) if you. your wet clothes.
	A) change	B) don’t change	C) changed	D) hadn’t changed
If I had known that you couldn’t eat octopus ( con mực), I.it for our meal.
	A) wouldn’t buy	B) won’t buy	C) wouldn’t have bought	D) would buy
She...... able to walk faster if her shoes didn’t have such high heels.
	A) could be 	B) couldn’t be	C) were	D) had been
If you had touched that electric cable you.. electrocuted.
	A) am	B) be	C) were	D) had been
I. things on the installment system if I were you.
	A) wouldn’t buy	B) wouldn’t have bought	C) won’t buy	D) don’t buy
If anyone attacked me, my dear dog.. at his throat.
	A) would bite	B) will bite	C) bit	D) had bitten
The ship wouldn’t have run around unless the pilotsuch a serious mistake.
	A) make	B) made	C) makes	D) had made
I shouldn’t have taken your umbrella if I.. that it was the only one you had.
	A) know	B) had known	C) knew	D) knows
Had I known that you were in hospital, I you.
	A) would visit	B) will visit	C) would have visited	D) visit
You would make better progress unless you. class regularly.
	A) attend	B) attended	C) don’t attend	D) didn’t attend
If you... ten minutes earlier, you would have a seat in the auditorium.
	A) arrive	B) arrived	C) had arrived	D) arrives
If he hard, he ..........................the coming exam.
	A) studied/ would pass	B) doesn’t study/ will surely pass	C) studies/ can pass	D) hadn’t studied/ wouldn’t have passed
If she asked you for help, .?
	A) would you accept	B) you accept	C) will you accept	D) do you accept
Rice plants in Vietnam. well if there is enough rain.
	A) would grow	B) grew	C) will grow	D) would have grown
She..or she may be late for the morning class.
	A) hurries	B) hurried	C) doesn’t hurry	D) didn’t hurry
If I.. again, I think that I would have won in the game.
	A) tried	B) hadn’t tried	C) had tried	D) didn’t try
Tell him to ring me at 6:00 p.m. if you.. him.
	A) saw	B) see	C) sees	D) had seen
Water downhill if there .......... gravity.
	A) will run/ is not	B) would run/ weren’t	C) wouldn’t run/ were	D) will run/ had been
If you. so fast, he might have understood what happened.
	A) hadn’t spoken	B) speak	C) spoke	D) don’t speak
 sBÀI TẬP VỀ INFINITIVE HOẶC GERUND
Hãy chọn một câu trả lời đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D) cho mỗi câu tương ứng dưới đây:
He is expecting .......................... a trip to Ha Long Bay.
	A) make	B) to make	C) making	D) made
Students stopped ........................... noise when the teacher came in.
	A) make	B) to make	C) making	D) made
She couldn’t bear ................... tears when she saw the film “ Romeo and Juliet”.
	A) shed	B) to shed	C) shedding	D) sheds
Ann likes .................... but she hates ..................... up.
	A) cook/ washing	B) to cook/ wash	C) cooking/ washed	D) cooking/ washing
I enjoy ................... to classical music.
	A) listening	B) to listen	C) listens	D) listen
I really regret ...................... your feeling when I asked you such a silly question.
	A) hurt	B) to hurt	C) hurting	D) hurts
He’ll try ..................................... the same mistake again.
	A) not make	B) to not make	C) not making	D) not to make
Would you mind ..................... me a newspaper?
	A) buy	B) to buy	C) buying	D) bought
Would you like ................ the next dance with me?
	A) to have	B) having	C) has	D) had
I hate him ........................ friends with those guys.
	A) make	B) to make	C) making	D) made
Did you remember .......................... Ann? – Oh, no. I completely forgot it.
	A) phone	B) to phone	C) phoning	D) phoned
Does the city government intend ........................ anything about pollution? 
	A) do	B) to do	C) doing	D) did
Those shirts need ..................... but you needn’t .................... them now.
	A) iron/ iron	B) to iron/ to iron	C) ironing/ iron	D) ironed/ to iron
They finished ................. and then they wanted ....................out for pleasure.
	A) learn/ to go	B) to learn/ go	C) learnt/ goes	D) learning/ to go
When you see Tom, remember ............................. him my regards.
	A) give	B) to give	C) giving	D) given
I hope .................... that tiring work again.
	A) not do	B) not to do	C) not doing	D) to not do
They postpone ............................. an Element School for the lack of finance.
	A) built	B) to build	C) building	D) builds
It’s no use ...................... him. He never allows anybody ...................... advice.
	A) advise/ give	B) to advise/ to give	C) advising/ giving	D) advising/ to give
Are his ideas worth ......................... to?
	A) listen	B) to listen	C) listening	D) listened
He always avoids ........................ me in the streets.
	A) meet	B) to meet	C) met	D) meeting
My parents decided .......................... a taxi because it was late.
	A) take	B) to take	C) taking	D) took
Do you agree ................................ me some money?
	A) lend	B) to lend	C) lending	D) lent
 Tom refuses ........................ his address.
	A) give	B) giving	C) to give	D) gave
The passengers asked her how ...................to the police station?
	A) to get	B) getting	C) got	D) get
My friends arranged ............................. to the airport in time.
	A) meet	B) to meet	C) meeting	D) met
Do you plan .............. out or ............... at home at this weekend?
	A) go/ stay	B) to go/ stay	C) going/ stay	D) to go/ staying
I dislike ..................... in line.- So do I. That’s why I prefer .................... at night when there are fewer people.
	A) wait/ shop	B) to wait/ shopping	C) waiting/ shopping	D) waiting/ to shop
He continued ..................................... after his illness.
	A) worked	B) to work	C) to working	D) working
My watch’s hands keeps ......................................
	A) stopping	B) to stop	C) stopped	D) stop
Have you ever watched people ................................ ........................... fish?
	A) try/ catch	B) to try/ catching	C) trying/ to catch	D) tried/ caught
My grandfather is used to ........................... up early in the morning.
	A) getting	B) to get	C) get	D) got
Don’t forget ............................... her message when you see her.
	A) give	B) to give	C) giving	D) gave
I can’t help ................................... his opinions.
	A) consider	B) to consider	C) considering	D) considered
You should try ............................... any shirts you want to buy.
	A) wear 	B) to wear	C) wearing	D) wears
He used to fall asleep without ................................ his shoes off.
	A) take	B) to take	C) taking	D) taken
I stopped ............... about her illness and went on ................ you about all her other problems.
	A) to talk/ telling	B) to talk/ to tell	C) talking/ telling	D) talk/ tell
I’d love ..................... coat like that.
	A) have	B) to have	C) having	D) has
I intend ................... her what I think.
	A) tell	B) to tell	C) telling	D) told
Every hour I stop .................... ................. a little rest.
	A) working/ to have	B) to work/ to have	C) working/ having	D) to work/ having
You should give up .....................right now if you want ......