Ngữ pháp và bài tập Unit 5 môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12

 UNIT5 HIGHER EDUCATION 
A.READING
I.Before you read:
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
1. How do you say in English the names of these universities?
 - Hue University: Đại học Huế
 - Hanoi University of Architecture: Đại học kiến trỳc Hà Nội
 - Hanoi University of Natural Science: Đại học khoa học tự nhiờn Hà Nội
2.What university would you like to apply for and why?
   I'd like to apply for Hue University because Hue is the only place where there are national historical remains left: such as royal palaces and tombs, etc.... Moreover, its Department of Court National Culture is the best of all, especially in folk music and dances. This is the most distinctive of our national culture we should conserve and safeguard it.
II.New words:
 New words and meanings
Examples
campus/'kổmpəs/ (n):khu sõn bãi (của các trường trung học, đại học)
The new library was built in the centre of the campus.
challenge/'t∫ổlindʒ/ (v)(n): thỏch thức
challenging(adj): kớch thớch
Intelligent boys like to study something if it really challenges them.
blame /bleim/(v) : khiển trỏch
to blame sb/st for/on st
rise /raiz/ (n)=increase /'inkri:s/ (n): sự tăng
inflation /in'flei∫n/ (n): sự lạm phỏt
They blame the rise in oil prices for the big increase in inflation.
to daunt/dɔ:nt/(v ): làm nản lũng ai
daunting /'dɔ:ntiη/ (adj):làm thoái chí, làm nản chí
At first, college was a little daunting. Lỳc đầu, trường đại học cú làm tụi nản chớ.
scary/'skeəri/ (adj)=frightening(adj); sợ hói
It was amazing, but a little scary, to be in a place where it semed like I never saw the same person twice.
mate /meit/: bạn bố
roommate (n): bạn cựng phũng
They've been best mates since school.
to apply/ə'plai/ for: nộp đơn
application form (n): tờ đơn
applicant /'ổplikənt/ (n): người nộp đơn
I want to apply for an undergraduate programme (chương trỡnh cử nhõn) in a university.
impression /im'pre∫n/ (n): ấn tượng
impressive (adj)
They talk about their first impressions of university life.
exciting/ik'saitiη/ (adj); hứng thỳ, lý thỳ
excited /ik'saitid/(adj):sụi nổi
It was exciting, thinking how I was at college, meeting people who could become good friends of mine. 
to explain /iks'plein/ to sb for st: giải thớch với ai về điều gỡ
explanation (n): sự giải thớch
The most exciting thing was that I didn’t have to explain to my parents where I was going.
to follow: đi theo
You should follow the outline to write an essay.
existence /ig'zistəns/ (n): sự tồn tại
suddenly/'sʌdnli/ (adv): đột ngột
to fight back tears: gạt nước mắt
No one seemed to notice my existence. I suddenly felt so lonely. Fighting back tears, I ran back to my room, thinking I would never feel at home at college.
all the time = always: luụn luụn, lỳc nào cũng
degrees Celsius/di'gri:z 'selsiəs/ (n): độ C
My roommate left the window open all the time, even when it was 10 degrees Celsius out.
midterm /'midtə:m/ (n):giữa năm học (hờ́t học kỳ I)
She got sick after midterms.
to graduate /'grổdʒuət/ from : tốt nghiệp
graduation (n)
I graduated from a small school.
over and over: nhiều lần; lặp đi lặp lại
amazing /ə'meiziη/ (adj): kinh ngạc, sửng sốt
to be in a place: đang ở một nơi
After seeing the same people over and over for many years, it was amazing to be in a new place.
academically /,ổkə'demikəli/ (adv): vờ̀ mặt lý thuyờ́t, thuõ̀n vờ̀ lý thuyờ́t
throughly /'θʌrəli/ (adv): hoàn toàn, hoàn hảo
Academically, I enjoyed the college thoroughly. Về việc học tập, tụi thớch trường đại học.
to take part in= to participate in: tham gia vào
engineering/,endʒi'niəriη/ (n): khoa kỹ thuật
the Advanced Engineering: Kỹ thuật nõng cao
chance /t∫ɑ:ns/ (n)=opportunity /,ɔpə'tju:niti/ (n): cơ hội
creativity /,kri:ei'tiviti/(n):óc sáng tạo, tính sáng tạo
creative (adj)
knowledge /'nɔlidʒ/ (n): kiến thức, sự hiểu biết
society /sə'saiəti/ (n): xó hội
social (adj) /'sou∫l/(thuộc) xó hội
socially (adv): về mặt xó hội
Taking part in the Advanced Engineering project gave me a chance to use my creativity and knowledge to help society.
to make friends: kết bạn
It gave me a chance to make friends with diferent people.
calendar /'kổlində/ (n): lịch
The social calendar of the colleges provides plenty of opportunities to meet students from the other universities.
speed /spi:d/: tốc độ
The new car goes at an amazing speed.
to get on very well with sb: hũa hợp với ai
Ellen didn’t get on very well with the roommate.
III.Useful structures and exercises:
   ❖ While You Read:   Three students talk about their first impressions of university life. Read the passage and then do the tasks that follow. 
 Task 1: Complete the following sentences, using the right forms or the words in the box.
campus         blame       scary   challenge       amazing
   1. The new library was built in the centre of the..( campus)
   2. They.the rise in oil prices for the big increase in inflation. (blame)
   3. That's thestory I've ever heard. (scariest)
   4. Intelligent boys like to study something if it reallythem. (challenges)
   5. The new car goes at an.speed. (amazing)
Task 2: Find out who:
   a. attended a party on the first weekend at college.
   b. didn't get on very well with the roommate.
   c. was not used to meeting different people every day at college.
   d. liked having a chance to be creative.
   e. was very excited about going to college.
   f. enjoyed the first year at college.
Keys: Sarah : a, e                           Ellen : b, c                       Brenden : d, f
   Task 3 : Answer the following questions.
1. What did Sarah do on the first weekend?
1. On the first week Sarah went out with her new friends, walking around the campus.
2. Why did Sarah feel so lonely at the party?
2.Because she felt no one seemed to notice her existence.
3. What problems did Ellen have with her roommate?
3.Ellen’s roommate blamed her for typing and having the fight on while she was trying to sleep.
4. What did Brenden think about his first year at college?
Brenden thought it was probably the best and most challenging year of his life.
5. What does the social calendar of the colleges provide him?
5.The social calendars at the colleges provide him plenty of opportunities to meet non-engineering students as well as other engineers, many of whom have become his best mates.
B. SPEAKING
New words and meanings
Examples
reference letter : thư giới thiệu
a letter of acceptance: thư chấp nhận
When do you get the letter of acceptance from the university?
a copy of the originals of school certificate: bản sao cỏc chứng chỉ gốc ở trường phổ thong
entrance examination: kỡ thi tuyển sinh
score /skɔ:/(n): số điểm giành trong cuộc thi
scores of the required entrance examination: kết quả thi tuyển
You must have an application form, a copy of the originals of school certificate and the score of the rerquired entrance examination.
admission requirement /əd'mi∫n ri'kwaiəmənt/(n): thủ tục nhập học
tertiary/'tə:∫əri/ (adj): thứ ba, sau ngày thứ hai
tertiary institution /'tə:∫əri ,insti'tju:∫n/: bộ hồ sơ nhập học vào ĐH
tertiary study: việc học ĐH
The admission requirments for tertiary institutions are an application form, a copy of the originals of school certificate, a birth certificate and the score of the rerquired entrance examination.
to be admitted: được chấp nhận
Some admission requirments are obligatory to be admitted to a university in Vietnam.
indentity card /ai'dentəti ka:d/ (n); thẻ căn cước
You must have an application form, an identity card and the score of the rerquired entrance examination.
original /ə'ridʒənl/ (n): nguyờn bản
birth certificate (n): giấy khai sinh
record /'rekɔ:d/(n): hồ sơ
performance /pə'fɔ:məns/ (n): thành tớch
I need a copy of the record of your school performance at school, an original birth certificate.
 Task 1: Below are the admission requirments for tertiary institutions in some countries. Work in groups. Tick (✓) those which are obligatory for you to be admitted to a university in Vietnam.
   _______ an application form
   _______ an identity card
   _______ a reference letter
   ______   a copy of the originals of your school certificate
   ______   a birth certificate
   ______   a copy of the record of your performance at school
   ______   scores of the required entrance examination
   A. Among all above requirements which ones do you think are obligatory for you to be admitted to a university in Vietnam?
   B. Well, first of all, you must have an application form, an identity card and the score of the rerquired entrance examination.
   C. Do we need the copy of the GCSE ?
   D. Yes. We have to enclose it in the papers for the entrance examination
. ✓... an application form
   ✓... an identity card
   ✓... a reference letter
   ✓...  a copy of the originals of your school certificate
   ✓....a birth certificate
   ✓... a copy of the record of your school performance at school.
   ✓ scores of the required entrance examination
   Task 2: Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions about the application process to tertiary study in Vietnam using the following cues.
What to do
When
fill in the application form
in March
send the application form
in March
take the GCSE examination
in May
get the GCSE result
in June
take the entrance examination
in July
get the entrance examination results
in August
get a letter of acceptance from the
late August – early
university
September
  A. When do you fill in and send the application form to a university?
   B. Usually in March.
   A. To apply for a university, you must pass the GCSE examination. Right?
   B. OK.
   A. When do you take the GCSE examination?
   B. In May and we have the results in June.
   A. When do you take the entrance examination?
   B. In July.
   A. When do you have the results of this exam?
   B. Usually in mid August.
   A. One more question. When do you get the letter of acceptance from the university?
   B. Between late August and early September.
   A .Thank for your information.
   B. My pleasure. 
   Task 3: Work in groups. Discuss the process of applying to a tertiary institution in Vietnam.
   A. Can you tell me the process of applying to a university in Vietnam?
   B. Sure. First you must pass the GCSE examination. Then, you must send an application for the entrance examination.
   C. Oh. I must pass the entrance examination to be admitted to a tertiary institution, mustn't I?
   B. Sure.
   A. How long can I get the entrance exam result?
   B. About a month.
   C. So with the result. I can apply for a seat in a university?
   B. No. You must wait for the letter of acceptance from the university.
   A. Oh. Rather complicated! Then I can go to the admissions office of the university to do the necessary process for a tertiary study.
   C. How long does it take to apply to a university?
   B. About two months.
   A. Oh! 
C. LISTENING
New words and meanings
Examples
proportion/prə'pɔ:∫n/ (n) phần, tỷ lệ
MSc (Master of Science): thạc sĩ khoa học
to complete /kəm'pli:t/ : hoàn thành
I've just completed a MSc course on which a large proportion of the students were international students.
rural/'ruərəl/ (a): thuộc về nụng thụn
agriculture /'ổgrikʌlt∫ə/ (n): nụng nghiệp
agricultural (adj)
AERD (Agricultural Extension and Rural Development): Mở rộng và phỏt triển nụng thụn
Department/di'pɑ:tmənt/(n): Bộ, ngành
AERD stands for the department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development.
tutor /'tju:tə/(n); gia sư
appointment/ə'pɔintmənt/ (n); cuộc hẹn
tutorial appointment /tju:'tɔ:riəl ə'pɔintmənt/: cuộc hẹn phụ đạo
available /ə'veiləbl/ (adj): rỗi để được gặp, sẵn sàng
to make full use of: sử dụng triệt để
We should find out at the beginning of the course the time at which the tutor is going to be available for tutorial appointments and then make full use of them.
to get along: xoay sở
How do you think the students from other countries got along on that course?
based on: dựa vào
What advice would you give students, particularly international students, based on your experience as a student here?
lecturer /'lekt∫ərə/: (n) giảng viờn
I think the most basic thing is to make use, full use, of the tutors and lecturers.
overseas(adj): nước ngoài
Maybe some of the overseas students are a bit too shy to take questions or problems to tutors.
to move on: tiến lờn
Let's move on, what about the amount of reading that you have to do as a university student?
list /list/ (n): danh sỏch
to list (v) ghi vào danh sỏch
Don't think that the students have to read everything that’s listed.
item/'aitəm/ (n): tiết mục
Try to find out which are the most important items on the list.
thoroughly/'θʌrəli/ (adv): hoàn toàn, kỹ lưỡng, thấu đỏo
If your time is limited, spending it reading the most important books thoroughly.
helpful/'helpful/ (adj): cú ớch, giỳp ớch
OK, that’s very helpful.
Useful structures
- too + adj + to + verb: quỏ...khụng thể
- as soon as possible: càng sớm càng tốt
Before You Listen
   Work in pairs. Talk about the problems you may have when studying at a new school. 
   A. Just imagine you’re studying at a new school. What problems may you get?
   B. Well. First, I feel lonely and homesick. I have no familiar people, especially living far from home.
   A. It’s a natural fact. What other problems can you encounter?
   B. I think the matter of accommodation also makes me anxious. I have to find a proper lodging /ˈlɒdʒɪŋ/ tạm trỳ place if I can't live in the school dorm.
   A. And the next?
   B. I have to adjust to the new life and the new school activities. But I think with time I can manage to get over it.
   A. OK. With strong will and patience everything can be settled.
   B. It’s my opinion, too.
   ❖ While You Listen
   Listen to the conversation between John and David and circle the best option (A or B, C, D) to complete the following sentences
   1. David used to be.. (C)
   A. an international student
   B. a tutor at the university
   C. a student at the university
   D. a lecturer at the university
   2. In his department,.. (A)
   A. many students came from other countries
   B. some students came from other countries
   C. the international students did not like the course
   D. the international students did not study well
   3. David thinks the most important thing for the international students is.. (C)
   A. not to be shy to talk to other students
   B. to make an appointment with local students
   C. to make full use of the tutors and lecturers
   D. not to tell anyone their problems
   4. David advises the international students toat the beginning of the course. ( A)
   A. find out when the tutor is available for tutorial appointments
   B. make full use of their friends
   C. share studying experiences with local students
   D. know as much as they can about the university
   5. In order to deal with the long reading lists David advises the international students to       . (B)
   A. read all the items on the reading list
   B. read the most important items on the reading list
   C. find out the most important reading list
   D. ask local students for the most important reading list
   ❖ Tapescript
   John : Now David, can I get this right: You've just completed a MSc course on which a large proportion of the students were international students. Is that right?
   David: That's it. Yes, I was in AERD, that's the department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development.
   John: And how do you think the students from other countries got along on that course?
   David: Pretty well.
   John : What advice would you give students, particularly international students, based on your experience as a student here?
   David : I think the most basic thing is to make use, full use, of the tutors and lecturers. Maybe some of the overseas students are a bit too shy to take questions or problems to tutors.
   John : What do you think they should do?
   David : I think they should find out at the beginning of the course the time at which the tutor is going to be available for tutorial appointments and then make full use of them.
   John: So, any problems, they should tell the tutor as soon as possible? Let's move on, what about the amount of reading that you have to do as a university student?
   David : Yes. It looks pretty daunting al first, with those long reading lists. Don't think that the students have to read everything that’s listed. Try to find out which are the most important items on the list - ask the lecturer or tutor if necessary, and then, if your time is limited, spending it reading those books thoroughly.
   John: OK, that’s very helpful, David. Thank you very much.
   David : No, not at all.
   ❖ After You Listen
   Work in pairs. Ask and answer the question.   “Would you prefer to do an undergraduate course abroad or in your country?" Explain your choice.
   A. Where do you like lo do your undergraduate course, abroad or in your country?
   B. If you ask me, I prefer to do it abroad.
   A. Why?
   B. In the present situation, most of the universities in the country are behind those in developed countries, such as the US, Australia, Singapore. Germany, etc,...
   A. Can you give me clearer explanations?
   B. OK. For example, the teaching aids in the schools: laboratories, equipment and specially libraries. Most of our laboratories are lack of modern equipment. Next, the size of classes, the number of students in each class is very large. I mean the classes are often very crowded. usually over 60 or more. Don’t you realize the noticeable problem in our universities?
   B. What’s that? Do you refer to the methods of teaching of most of professors and lecturers?
   A. That’s it. Most of them still use the old and obsolete way of teaching: “Professors read and students listen and write down.” Rarely can a student ask his / her professor a question. And this makes it worse, hardly ever can a class discussion be seen in most of our universities.
   B. What's wrong with it?
   A. Oh! How can such a one-way method help students to develop their creativity and even their independent work?
   B. Sorry. I didn’t know any about it!
D. WRITING
New words and meanings
Examples
undergraduate programme/,ʌndə'grổdʒuət prougrổm/ (n): chương trỡnh học đại học
undergraduate course (n): khúa đại học
I want to apply for an undergraduate programme in a university.
request /ri'kwest/(n); lời yờu cầu, lời thỉnh cầu
UCAS: Universities & Colleges Admissions Service
Trung tõm Tuyển sinh Đại học
Write a letter of request(about 150 words) to UCAS to ask for the information about the admission requirements to the university.
to state/steit/(v): nờu lờn
to mention/'men∫n/ (v): kể ra, đề cập
State the reasons why you are writing the letter, mention the name of the programme.
accommodation/ə,kɔmə'dei∫n/ (n): phũng ở
State what information you would like them to provide: tuition fee, accommodation, exams,...
further information: thờm thụng tin
to supply/sə'plai/ (v): cung cấp
proficiency/prə'fi∫nsi/ (n): sự thành thạo
Supply further information about yourself such as your English proficiency and record of secondary education study,...
closing /'klouziη/ (n): sự kết thỳc
End the letter with a polite closing.
 WRITING
   You want to apply for an undergraduate programme in a university in England. Write a letter of request(about 150 words) to UCAS to ask for the information about the admission requirements to the university, using the information in the Reading and Speaking sections on page 52 &56. You much follow the outline below.
Introduction:
   - State the reasons why you are writing, your interest in tertiary study in England (mention the name of the programme/the universities/...)
Request:
   - State what information you would like th