Lý thuyết và bài tập các kiểu câu so sánh

CÁC KIỂU CÂU SO SÁNH
I.So sánh bằng:
* form: S1 + V + as + adv + as + S2.
 S1 + Be + as + adj + as + S2.
* eg: - She runs as quickly as her brother.
 - John is as tall as Tom.
 *So sánh không bằng/ kém hơn.
 * form: S1 + not + be/V + as/so + adj/adv + as + S2.
 S1 + be/V + less + adj/adv + than + S2.
*eg: - He is not so good as his brother.
 - I am less rich than you.
II.So sánh hơn.
*Đối với tính từ, trạng từ ngắn.
*form: adv/adj + ER + than 
*eg: Mr Brown is older than Mr Peter.
 He drives runner than I (do).
*Đối với tính từ, trạng từ dài.
 * form: more + adv/adj + than
 *eg: A car is more expensive than a bicycle.
 Ha writes more carefully than Hai. 
III.So sánh hơn nhất.
*Đối với tính từ, trạng từ ngắn.
 * form: the + adv/adj + EST
 *eg: Ha is the tallest in the class.
 Lan runs the fastest in the class.
*Đối với tính từ, trạng từ dài
*form: the + most + adv/adj 
*eg: This is the most difficult lesson in the book
 Huong speaks English the most fluenty in my class.
 IV/- So sánh kép (double comparisons)
Là loại so sánh với cấu trúc: Càng càng Các Adj so sánh phải đứng ở đầu câu, trước chúng phải có The. Dùng một trong hai mẫu câu sau đây để so sánh kép:
The+ comparative + S + be/V, the + comparative + S + be/V
(comparative: hình thức so sánh hơn)
Ex:      The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel.
The sooner you take your medicince, the better you will feel.
The bigger they are, the faster they fall.
            The more you study, the smarter you will become.
Trong trường hợp nếu cả hai vế đều có chủ ngữ giả it is thì có thể bỏ chúng đi 
* Các trường hợp ngoại lệ
So sánh hơn
So sánh hơn nhất
Good/ well (tốt)
better
best
Bad/ badly (xấu)
worse
worst
Many/ much (nhiều)
more
most
Little (ít)
less
least
Far (xa)
farther/further
farthest/furthest
B.Bài tập.
 I.Chọn từ hoặc cụm từ đúng trong ngoặc.
1.Of the four dresses, I like the red one(better/best)
2. Bill is the (happier/happiest) person we know.
3. Pat’s cat is (faster/fastest) than Peter’s.
4.This poster is (colourfuler/more colourful) than the one in the hall.
5.Does Fred feel ( weller/better) today than he did yesterday?
6.This vegetable soup tastes very( good/best)
7.Jane is the ( less/least) athletic of all the women.
8. My cat is the ( prettier/ prettiest) of the two.
9.This summary is ( the better/ the best) of the pair.
10. The colder the weather gets,(sicker/the sicker) I feel.
II.Dùng hình thức đúng của tính từ/ trạng từ trong ngoặc.
1.Mary is (pretty) as her sister.
2. A new house is (expensive) than an old one.
3. His job is( important) than mine.
4. Of the four ties, I like the red one(well).
5. Nobody is (happy) than Miss Snow.
6.Today English is the ( international) of languages.
7.Jonh is much( strong) than I thought.
8. Benches are ( comfortable) than arm- chairs.
9. Bill is (good) than you thought.
10.Mr Bush is the (delightful) person I have ever known.
11.Dick is the ( careful) of the three workers.
12.Is the book( interesting) than the one you read last week?
13. Gold is ( precious) than iron.
14.The weather today is ( warm) than the weather yesterday.
15.This film is not (good) as the one we saw last week.
16.Holidays are( pleasant) than working days.
17.Which is ( high) mountain in your country?
18. A house is ( strong) than a dog.
19. Robert is ( fat) than his brother.
20.The Pacific is ( large) ocean in the world.
III. Viết lại câu sau, bắt đầu bằng các từ cho sẵn.
 1.Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees. Today it’s only six degrees.
 => It’s .
2.The journey takes four hours by car and five hours by train.
=>It takes.
3. We were very busy at work today. We are not as busy as that every day.
=> We
4. Jane cooks better than her sister.
=> Jane’s sister.
5.Tom is the best football player in this team.
=> Nobody in this team..
IV/
1. The more she smiles , ................ she becomes.
A. more graceful	B. the most graceful	
C. most graceful	D. the more graceful
2. Hotels have developed  restaurants.
A. as rapidly as	B. so rapidly as	
C. as rapid as	D. more rapid
3. Can Tho bridge is the  one in the South of Viet Nam.
A. long 	B. shortest 	
C. longest 	D. longer
4. Albert Einstein’s contributions to scientific theory were ................ those of Galileo and Newton.
A. important than	B. more important	
C. the most important	D. as important as
5. Impalas cannot move as ................ cheetahs but they are more efficient runners.
A. faster than	B. fast as	
C. fast	D. are fast as
6. Both are informative articles, but this one is ................ .
A. best	B. the best	C. most	D. better
7. She is the . girl in our town.
A. more beautiful 	B. beauty 	
C. most beautiful 	D. more beautifully 
8. The harder you learn............. 
A. The better is your English	B. The better will be your English
C. The better becomes your English	D. The better your English will be
9. Jim is the ................. in his class.
A. clever	B. cleverest	
C. cleverer	D. more clever
10. Of the two shirts, this one is ...................
A. the prettiest	B. the most pretty	
C. prettier	D. the prettier
11. Your house is ................. mine.
A. as bigger as	B. many times as big as	
C. much big as	D. not many times big
12. Last year it wasn’t as cold as this year.
A. This year it is as colder than last year.	B. This year it is colder than last year.
C. This year it isn’t as cold as last year.	D. This year it isn’t colder than last year.
13. She is older than me.
A. I’m more younger than her.	B. I’m as younger as her.
C. I’m more young than her.	D. I’m younger than her.
14. The test is not 
A. as difficult as it was last month. 	B. so difficult as it was last month 
C. more difficult as it was last month.	D. Both A & B are correct 
15. The Nile River is  of all.
A. longer	B. the longest 	
C. long	D. longest
16. .................. we read, .................. we know.
A. The most/ the most	B. The more/ the more	
C. Most/ most	D. More/ more
17. It gets ................... Let’s go swimming.
A. hot and hot	B. the more hot 	 	
C. more and more hot 	D. hotter and hotter
18. Peter usually drives .................. Mary.
A. more fast	B. more fast than 	
C. more fast 	D. faster
19. The problem seems to be ..................
A. more serious	B. more serious than	
C. more serious as 	D. more and more serious 
20. Peter can not earn .................. his wife.
A. as many money as	B. as much money as	
C. as many money than D. as much money than
21. Prices get ..................
A. high and high	B. highest and highest	
C. more and more high D. higher and higher
22. The more manufacturers advise, .................. they sell.
A. the most products	B. the products more	
C. the more products	D. most products
23. ................. a car is ................. it is.
A. The more expensive/ the comfortabler 	B. The most expensive/ the most comfortable 
C. The more expensive/ the more comfortable	D. The less expensive/ the more comfortable
24. Of the five students. Mary is .................
A. more intelligent	 B. the more intelligent 	
C. most intelligent	 D. the most intelligent
25. Steel is ................ than wood.
A. more heavy	B. as heavy	
C. heavier D. more heavier
26. A super market is  a shopping center.
A. less convenient as	B. less convenient than
C. not so convenient than	D. the most convenient as
27. Viet Nam becomes  to foreign tourists.
A. more and most attractive	B. the more attractive
C. much and more attractive	D. more and more attractive
28. This car is  than mine.
A. less expensive	B. as expensive	C. expensive D. not so expensive
29. Tim’s grades are  than John.
A. worse	B. worst	C. as bad	D. so bad
30. The  we start, the sooner we will be back.
A. early	B. earliest	C. earlier	D. more early
V/ Viết lại câu sử dụng so sánh kép:
1. He learns more. He becomes smarter.
2. The wind is strong. The rain is big.
3. Hể reads a lot. He knows a lot.
4. She eats a lot. She becomes fat.
5. He plays video games a lot, He is stupid.
6. She sleeps a lot. She becomes lazy.