Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Khối 8

ÑEÀ CÖÔNG OÂN TAÄP MOÂN ANH LÔÙP 8
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1. Present Simple tense.( Thì hieän taïi ñôn)
- Thường dùng với : Always / often / usually / sometimes / never / everyday /every morning
- Form:
+ ) 	S + V/Vs / es + .
- )	S + don’t/doesn’t + V+ 
? ) 	Do/Does + S + V + .? 
 Ex -The earth goes around the sun.
	-We don’t have classes on Sunday.
	- Does Lan speak French?
	I/ You/ We/ They/ S số nhiều 	+ DO
	He/ She/ It / S số ít 	+ DOES
2- Present progressive Tense ( Thì hieän taïi tieáp dieãn )
Thường dùng với : now , right now, at the moment , at present, Look!....
-Form : 	
+) S + is / am/ are + V-ing + 
-) S + is / am/ are + not + V-ing + 
? ) Is / Am / Are + S + V-ing + ? 
Ex :	 I’m learning English now.
	 He isn’t learning English now.
	Is he reading books now?
	I 	+ AM
	You/ We/ They/ S số nhiều 	+ ARE
	He/ She/ It / S số ít 	+ IS
3. Past Simple Tense (Thì quaù khöù ñôn)
Thöôøng duøng vôùi: last week / month / year, yesterday morning / evening, In+ 19
- Form: 	
+) S + V-ed / V2 +  
-) S + didn’t + V + .
?) Did + S + V +  ? 
Ex :	 - He arrived here yesterday.
	- She didn’t go to school yesterday.
 - Did you clean this table?
	I 	+ WAS
	You/ We/ They/ S số nhiều 	+ WERE
	He/ She/ It / S số ít 	+ WAS
Caùch ñoïc caùc ñoâng töø ôû quaù khöù ñôn vôùi “ ED”: 
+ “ ED”: ñöôcï ñoïc laø /id/ khi nhöõng ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu coù aâm taän cuøng laø t , d.
Ex : needed , wanted , waited , ..
+ “ ED”: ñöôïc ñoïc laø /t/ khi nhöõng ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu coù aâm taän cuøng laø o, ch, s, x, sh, th, p, k, f
Ex : asked , helped , watched , pushed , dressed , 
+ “ ED”: ñöôcï ñoïc laø /d/ khi nhöõng ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu coù aâm taän cuøng laø caùc aâm coøn laïi 
Ex : enjoyed , saved , filled ,.
Cách thêm –ing và –ed:
+ tận cùng là 1 phụ âm, liền kề là 1 nguyên âm (o,a,i,e,u). Ta gấp đôi phụ âm: stop à stopped, stopping
+ tận cùng là 1 phụ âm, liền kề là 1 nguyên âm (o,a,i,e,u). Ta giữ nguyen: read à reading
+ tận cùng là “y”, liền kề là 1 nguyên âm. Ta giữ nguyên: play à played, playing
+ tận cùng là “y”, liên kề là 1 phụ âm. Ta chuyển thành “ i” : study à studied
4. Be going to ( thì töông lai gaàn )
- Use : khi noùi veà moät vieäc quyeát ñònh, döï ñònh seõ laøm trong töông lai hay ñeå döï ñoaùn moät tình huoáng coù theå xaûy ra.
- Form : 	
+) S + is / am/ are + going to + V + 	.
-) S + is / am/ are + not + going to + V + 
?) Is / Am / Are + S + V-ing + ? 
5. Present perfect tense( Thì hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh )
 - Use :- Duøng ñeå mieâu taû moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù nhöng keát quaû coøn löu ñeán hieän taïi 
	* For + khoảng thời gian 	Ex: You have studied English for 4 years.
* Since + mốc thời gian xác định	Ex: She has studied English since 2003.
- Form:	 
	(+) S + have/ has 	+ V-ed / V3 	 
	(-) S + have not / has not	+ V-ed / V3 
	 	 ( haven’t/hasn’t )
(?) Have/ Has 	+ S	+ V-ed / V3 ? 
	I/ You/ We/ They 	+ have
	He/ She/ It 	+ has
6. Adjective order in a noun phrase
(a/ an)
size
shape
age
color
national
material
Noun
A
big
round
old
black
Chinese 
wooden
chair
7. enough +to infinitive ( khoâng ) ñuû .. ñeå
	S + be (not) + adj (tính từ) + enough ( + for + O) + to V.
	S + be (not) + enough + Noun (danh từ) + to V
 - Đồng chủ ngữ: Nam is not old. He is in my class. à Nam is not old enough to be in my class.
 - Khác chủ ngữ: This book is very interesting. You should read it. à This book is interesting enough to for you to read. 
5. Reflexive pronouns.( Ñaïi töø phaûn thaân): 
Subject
I
you
We
They
He
she
It
Reflexive pronouns
Myself
Yourself/ yourselves
Ourselves
Themselves
Himself
Herself
Itself
- Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng trôû laïi vôùi chính ngöôøi thöïc hieän . 
+ Noù coù theå laøm tuùc töø (Object ) 	Ex: Be careful. You’ll cut yourself.
+ Noù ñöùng ngay sau töø maø noù laøm maïnh nghóa.	Ex: An sent this letter itself.
- Ñaïi töø phaûn thaân laøm maïnh nghóa cho chuû töø. Noù ñöùng ngay sau chuû töø, hoaëc ñöùng ôû cuoái meänh ñeà/ caâu. 
Ex: Mary herself cleaned the floor./ Mary cleaned the floor herself.
6. Modal verbs 
- Form: 	+ S + modal verb + V + .	Ex : I can sing very well.
	 	 - S + modal verb + not + V +  	Ex : Hoa may not come to the party tomorrow.
	 	? Modal verb + S + V + .? 	Ex : May I come in ?
- Modal verb: must, ought to, have to, should, can, could, may
* MUST: dieãn taû söï baét buoäc hay söï caàn thieát 
Ex: He must do this exercise again.
* HAVE TO : dieãn taû söï baét buoäc 
Ex: Your eyes are weak. You have to wear glasses.
* OUGHT TO + V(base form) (neân): dieãn taû lôøi khuyeân
 Ex: We ought to obey our parents.
* SHOULD: dieãn taû lôøi khuyeân 
Ex: You should help the needed children.
* MAY / CAN / COULD : ñöôïc duøng ñeå dieãn taû lôøi yeâu caàu hay ñeà nghò 
- Yeâu caàu söï giuùp ñôõ: 
Can / Could + you + V + O / A, please?
- Ñeà nghò giuùp ai: 
May + I + V + O/A ?; Let + me + V + O/A. 
Ex: 	Can you help me ,please
	Do you need any help?
	May I help you?
7. Questions with “WHY”: Duøng ñeå hoûi veà nguyeân nhaân hay lyù do 
Động từ thường	: Why + do /does/ did + S + V + O . . . ?
TOBE	: Why + am /is/ are + S + V + O . . . ?
Modal verb	: Why + can /will /may + S + V + O . . . ?
Ñeå traû lôøi cho caâu hoûi vôùi WHY ta coù theå duøng : 
- Meänh ñeà vôùi “because”. 	Ex: Why do you get up early? – Because I want to do exercise.
- Cuïm ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu . Ex: Why do you do exercise? – To keep healthy.
8. Adverb of Manner( Traïng töø chæ theå caùch ): 
- Thöôøng theo sau taân ngöõ, ña soá traïng töø chæ theå caùch ñöôïc caáu taïo töø tính töø theâm haäu toá “LY”
adjective + ly = adverb
EX: soft + ly -> softly	bad + ly -> badly	careful + ly -> carefully
* Note: Một số tính từ không thể thêm “Ly” mà phải biến đổi hoặc giữ nguyên:
Ex: 	good -> well
 	Hard -> hard	
fast -> fast
9. Gerund (danh ñoäng töø ) :
- Laø daïng ñoäng töø taän cuøng baèng “ – ING” vaø coù chöùc naêng cuûa moät danh töø. 
- Theo sau moät soá ñoäng töø : enjoy, like, don’t like, love, dislike, hate, stop, practice 	
Ex: I like reading books.
10. Adverb of place ( Traïng töø chæ nôi choán ): 
1. AT: ở, tại ( at night, at the weekend, at Chirstmas, ,at home ,at the club ,at 25 Tran Phu street,
2. ON: trên, ở trên ( on the street,on the left,on the table)
3. IN: trong ,ở trong (in the world,in the sky,.)
4. 	* Above: cao hơn ,trên (nhưng không cần tiếp xúc) 	Ex: We were flying above the clouds.
* Over	 : ngay trên (nhung tiếp xúc)	 Ex:Lan lives in an apartment over the store.
5.	* Below: thấp hơn, dưới (không cần ngay dưới) 	Ex: The lake is 900 feet bolow sea level.
* Under: dưới, ngay dưới (tiếp xúc) 	Ex: My puppy is sleeping under the table.
6.Near = beside = next to = by: gần, bên cạnh
7.Inside # Outside :ben trong # ben ngoai
8.	* Between: o giua(2 nguoi hay 2 vat)
*Among: o giua(1 dam dong nguoi hay vat)
9.Fromto:	từ.đến 
10.In front of :	phía trước	11.Behind: 	 phía sau 
12.Opposite:	Đối diện
13..Before # after:	trước # sau 
14.Up # down:	lên # xuống 
11. Preposition of time ( Giôùi töø chæ thôøi gian ) :
- AT : + moät ñieåm thôøi gian cuï theå 	Ex : We have class at one o’clock.
	+ night	Ex : I sleep at night.
- IN : 	+ thaùng/naêm cuï theå	Ex : I was born 1994
	+ the morning/afternoon / evening	Ex : We have class in the morning.
- ON: + ngaøy trong tuaàn 	Ex : We have class on Monday.
	+ ngaøy thaùng naêm 	Ex: I was born on April 6, 2006
- FROM + moät ñieåm thôøi gian + TO + moät ñieåm thôøi gian
	Ex: We have class from 7.00 to 10.15
12. Used to + V(bare): đã từng 
- Use: dieãn taû moät thoùi quen trong quaù khöù nay khoâng coøn 
- Form: 	
+) S + used to + V 	
 -) S + didn’t + use to V + .	 	?) Did + S + use to + V +  ? 
Ex: He used to play tennis when he was young.
- Be used to/ get used to: Quen với
13. Commands, requests and advice in reported speech
	A. Commands, requests and invitations: (C©u mÖnh lÖnh, c©u yªu cÇu, c©u mêi)
Commands
(C©u mÖnh lÖnh )
Yªu cÇu hay ra lÖnh ai lµm g×.
B¾t ®Çu lµ ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu. Dạng phñ ®Þnh b¾t ®Çu lµ Don’t + V1.
 Ex: - Go to the black board. 
- Don’t talk in the class.
Requests
(c©u yªu cÇu )
- Yªu cÇu ai lµm viÖc g× ®ã cho m×nh: 	“Can/Could/ May /Might you...?”
- §Ò nghÞ ,xin phÐp ai lµm mét viÖc g× ®ã: “Can/Could/ May /Might I...?” 
 Ex : - Can you lend me some money?
- Could I take photographs here?
Invitations
(c©u mêi)
-Mêi mét ng­êi kh¸c dïng mét thø g× .	“Will you have/ Would you like..?”
-Mêi mét ng­êi thùc hiÖn mét viÖc g×.	“Will/ would/ could you...? “ 
	“Would you like to ...?”
Ex: - Will you have some tea?- Yes, please.
- Would you like to go now?- I’d love to.
B. Commands, requests and invitations in reported speech: (C©u mÖnh lÖnh, yªu cÇu, lêi khuyªn trong c¸ch nãi gi¸n tiÕp)
* Commands in reported speech: Caâu meänh leänh ôû lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp 
( Don’t ) + V + O / A
® S + told. . . + O + ( not ) + to infinitive + O / A
	Ex: “Turn off the light before going top bed,” my mother said to me.
® My mother told me to turn of the light before going top bed.
	Ex: “Don’t play with matches,” the mother said.
® The mother warned her child not to play with matches.
* Requests in reported speech: Caâu yeâu caàu ôû lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp 
Please + (don’t ) + V + O / A hoaëc ( Don’t ) + V + O / A , please
® S + asked . . . + O + ( not ) + to infinitive + O / A
	Ex: Please turn on the light.	® He asked me to turn on the light.
	Ex: Please don’t make a noise here. ® They asked us not to make a noise there.
* Advice in reported speech: Lôøi khuyeân ô lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp . Lôøi khuyeân coù caáu truùc:
Ex: “Tim should work harder for exam” Miss Jackson said to Tim’s mother.
® Miss Jackson said you should study harder for the exam.
 Reported speech:
-Ng«I thø nhÊt chuyÓn vÒ cïng ng«I ng­êi nãii.
 (I he, she; me him/ her; myhis, her )
 -Ng«I thø hai chuyÓn vÒ cïng ng«I ng­êi nghe 
 (you I, we, he, she, they; 
 	you me, us, him, her, them; your my...)
 -Ng«I thø ba kh«ng ®æi ng«i (I, you, he, she, they)
 This That
 These Those
 Here There 
 Now Then
 Today That day 
 Tonight That night
Tomorrow The next/ following day
Yesterday The day before
Next week / year The following week / year
Last week / year The previous week / year
14. Comparison of adjectives and adverbs
1. So saùnh baèng
- Daïng khaúng ñònh: S + be + as + adj + as + Noun	Ex: Mai is as tall as Lan .
- Daïng phuû ñònh: S + be + not + as + adj + as + Noun 	Ex: Mai isn’t as tall as Lan
2. Similarity ( Söï töông ñoàng) : Ñeå dieãn taû söï töông ñoàng ,ta coù theå duøng :
- LIKE ( gioáng, nhö ) 	Ex: He‘s like his father.
- THE SAME AS ( gioáng nhö ) 	Ex: Your shirt is the same as Ba’s.
- DIFFERENT FROM ( khaùc vôùi )	Ex: He’s different from his mother.
15- Comparative and superlative adjectives ( So saùnh hôn vaø nhaát )
Comparison
Comparative (So s¸nh h¬n)
Superlative ( So s¸nh nhÊt)
Short adj
( tÝnh tõ ng¾n)
S +V+ adj _er + than + S2
Ex: 	small → smaller; 
	big → bigger
S + V + the adj –est + n
Ex: 	small → the smallest; 
	big → the biggest
Long adj
( tÝnh tõ dµi)
S +V+ more + adj + than + S2
Ex: 	expensive → more expensive
	beautiful → more beautiful
S + V + the most + adj + n
Ex: 	expensive → the most expensive
 beautiful → the most beautiful
II. Exercises
I. A. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others:
1.	A. pancake	B. stadium	C. tasty	D. change
2.	A. grocery	B. money	C. month	D. comfort
3.	A. effect	B. delicious	C. president	D. selection
4.	A. just	B. summer	C. much	D. humid
5.	A. started	B. helped	C. watched	D. decided
B. Find the word which has different stress from the rest:
6.	A. humid	B. airmail	C. discuss	D. pancake
7.	A. notice	B. effect	C. contact	D. surface
8.	A. concern	B. comfort	C. product	D. market
9.	A. customer	B. grocery	C. resident	D. delicious
10.	A. organize	B. community	C. restaurant	D. neighborhood
II. Choose the best answer to complete these sentences 
1. I ______ a letter from my old friend last week. (sent / gave / received / took)
2. We must be there ______ 7.30 and 10.30. (at / before / between / after)
3. I find Peter is not communicative. He’s rather ______ in public. (kind / reserved /sociable / humorous)
4. She has ______ over 30 pages since yesterday. (written / wrote / write / writing)
5. You have a bad toothache. You ................. go to see the dentist. ( must/ have to/ can/ ought to)
6. My farther used ______ us to the park three years ago. (took / taking / to take / take)
8. Can you fill ______ this form for me? (out / on / at / to)
9. “Would you ______ to go to the movies with me?” “I’d love to” (like / want / love / 	mind)
10. We need to finish our job _____ 4.30 pm and 5.30 pm. (before/ between/ after/ at)
11. When I was a child, I ______ follow my mum to the market. (used to / liked / hated / loved)
12. His parents are always proud ______ him. (about / of / on / with)
13. ______ have you lived in this town? – For nearly 20 years. (When / Where / How far /How long)
14. The new shopping mall is quite ______ the present shopping area. (different from/ the same/ like to/ similar)
15. They have studied ______ six o’clock. (for / at / since / to)
16. “____________?” – “It’s 20.000 dong” (How much is this parcel cost / How much does this parcel take / How much does this parcel / How much does this parcel cost)
 17. This person is short and thin. She has.. hair. (a long black/ black long/ black short/long black)
18. They have studied ______ three hours. (for / at / since / to)
19. He does morning exercises regularly in order to ______ his health. (have / improve / get / take)
20. Don’t let your child ______ with matches. (playing / to play / plays / play)
21. They ______ from Canada to America to find work. (started / demonstrated / delivered / migrated)
22. Last night I watched the movie Romeo and Juliet. At last they killed ______. (together/ each other/ themselves / one another) 
23. My mother is ______ tired ______ cook tonight. (enough – to / too – to / so – that / very – to)
24. He went to school late because he was stuck in the ______ this morning.(rush-hour / traffic-light / traffic-jam / cross-road)
25. Airmail is ______ expensive than surface mail. (the most / most / much / more)
27. Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union is an .for Vietnamese teenagers. (organizational/ organizationally/ organization/ organizatic)
28. John came ______ an old school friend in the street this morning. (with / along / across / off)
29. She asked her children ______ (to stop playing / stop to play / stop playing / stopping to play)
30. He is not ______ ride a motorbike. (enough old to / enough old for / old enough to / old enough for)
31. I don’t talk much in public. I am rather (kind / sociable / reserved / humorous)
32. The children go to school .................. . ( myself/ himself/ herself/ themselves)
33. You must look in the (advertisement / recreation / diversion / participation) section of the newspaper to find out what films are showing.
 34. The moon ................... around the earth (went/ goes/ go/ going)
35. (Would / Could / Do / Will) you like to go to the movies? – I’d love to.
36. Don’t go ................ , it is too cold. (inside/ outside/ downstairs/ upstairs)
37. They have waited for her (for / since / at / from) 6 o’clock.
38. This neighborhood is (different / the same / as / like) from that one.
39. What does she look like? (She look beautiful / She is beautiful / She looks like beautiful)
40. The calendar is (on / under / behind / in) the clock.
41. Minh and I didn’t enjoy (myself / ourselves / himself / themselves) at the party.
42. When my father was young, he used to (singing / sang / sings / sing) very well.
44. You should work (hardly / hard / good / badly) in order to pass the exams.
45. It is too dark (to take / take / taking / took) photographs here.
46. Jim is not old enough (read / reading / to read) this book.
47. Could you do me a favor? (What can I do for you / Thanks a lot / It’s very kind of you / No, thank you. I’m fine)
48. I (haven’t met / don’t meet / didn’t meet / won’t) since 2008.
49. The doctor said he (should go/ to go /going/ goes) to bed earlier.
50. They got married and lived (happy / happily / happiness)
III. Supply the correct tense of the verbs in brackets
1. Mary and John (be) _________ neighbors. They (know) _________ each other for a long time. Mary (move) _________ into her house in 1990, and John (live) _________ next door since he (come) _________ to the area in 1988. 
2. Today (be) _________ Sunday. Nga (not go) _________ to school. She (stay) _________ at home. She (do) _________ her homework now. She (do) _________ it for two hours.
3. I (be) _________ in New York. I (come) _________ here two years ago. My friend, Nancy (live) _________ here since 1982. So she (know) _________ the area very well.	
4. Trung usually (go) _________ to the library three times a week.
5. Yesterday I (be) _________ busy, so I (not have) _________ time to phone you.
6. Mrs. Trang (not go) _________ to work last week. She (not be) _________ feeling well.
7. I (do ) _________ all the housework. The flat is really clean now.
8. How long you (live) _________ here? – Since 1997.
9. Mr. Quang (teach) _________ in this school since he (graduate) _________ from the university in 1989.
10. My brother (leave) _________ home 10 years ago. I (never meet) _________ him since then.
11. Where you (spend) _________ your summer holiday last year, Tam?
12. When we (be) _________ young, our family (live) _________ in the countryside. 
13. I (read) _________ an interesting book at the moment.
14. How long you (know) _________ Mrs. Chi? – I (know) _________ her for five years.
15. We (not see) _________ her since we (be) _________ on holiday in Ha Long bay.
16. Phuong (finish) _________ her homework tonight. 
17. It’s three years since I last (see) _________ Nam.
18. You (be) _________ away? – Yes. I (go) _________ to the country last Sunday.
19. I (not eat) _________ anything for two days.
20. They (move) _________ to Ho Chi Minh City in 1990 and (live) _________ there since then.
IV. Writing 
A. Rewrite these sentences. 
1. “Could you help me with my English speaking, Ba?”
Minh told 	 	
2. “You shouldn’t make noise in class, Trung”
The teacher said__________________________________________________________________
3. “Can you wait for me here, Jerry?”
Tom told ________________________________________________________________________	
4. “Could you buy me an English exercise book, Ha?”
Nam asked ______________________________________________________________________
5. “ Get up early to learn your lesson, Toan”
Toan’s father told him _____________________________________________________________
6. “ You should improve your English pronunciation, Nga”
Nga’s teacher said ________________________________________________________________
7. “ You should stay in bed for a few days, Mr. Hoang”
The doctor said __________________________________________________________________
	8. Hung is strong. He can carry that heavy box.
	Hung is 	
	9. The fire isn’t very hot. It won’t boil the kettle.
	The fire ________________________________________________________________________
	10. The weather wasn’t warm. We couldn’t go swimming.
	The weather ____________________________________________________________________
 	11. Jane is a skillful swimmer.
	Jane ___	
	12. Lan learns English very well.
	Lan is __________________________________________________________________________ 
	13. Loan is a good swimmer.
	Loan ___________________________________________________________________________
	14. Hung run very fast.
	Hung is _________________________________________________________________________	
	15. P