Đề cương ôn tập học kỳ 1 môn Tiếng Anh 12

 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 1 MÔN TIẾNG ANH 12
LÝ THUYẾT:
Tense Revision
Tất cả các thời: The simple present tense, the present continuous tense, the past simple tense, the past continuous tense, the present perfect tense, , the present perfect continuous tense, the past perfect tense, the past perfect continuous tense, the simple future tense, the near future, the future continuous.
Ở mỗi thời yêu cầu nắm được: Form (cấu trúc), Use (cách dùng), và Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian đặc trưng)
Reported Speech
Cách dùng các động từ trần thuật: say, tell, report, 
Các nguyên tắc biến đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp: Đổi ngôi, đổi thời (thì), đổi các từ chỉ không gian và thời gian.
Lưu ý: Những trường hợp không lùi thời: Động từ ở mệnh đề chính ở thời hiện tại hoặc tương lai (eg: say, have/has said, will say) những cấu trúc giả định không có thực (wish, if loại 2 và 3, as if, as though, if only), lời trực tiếp diễn tả một chân lý hoặc một tình huống không đổi.
Câu trần thuật ở dạng câu hỏi: có từ để hỏi (Wh- Qs) và câu hỏi không có từ để hỏi (Yes – No Qs) 
Câu mệnh lệnh và câu yêu cầu ( orders and requests), câu có chức năng ngôn ngữ (lời mời, đe dọa, cảnh báo)
Passive Voice
Quy tắc chuyển câu chủ động sang bị động và ngược lại.
Nội động từ và ngoại động từ.
Cấu trúc bị động ở các thời cơ bản, động từ khuyết thiếu.
Một số dạng câu bị động khác: bị động sai khiến, bị động của động từ chỉ giác quan, bị động động từ chỉ ý kiến (bị động kép), bị động của câu mệnh lênh
Conditional Sentences
4 loại câu điều kiện: yêu cầu nắm được cách dùng, cấu trúc mệnh đề phụ chỉ điều kiện và mệnh đề chính.
Chuyển câu điều kiện sang unless và ngược lại.
Một số từ/ cụm từ có thể dùng thay cho If trong câu điều kiện: Provided (that), as long as, so long as, suppose, supposing, in case, even if
Đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện (cả 3 loại)
Relative Clauses
Cách dùng đại từ quan hệ và trạng từ quan hệ trong mệnh đề quan hệ: who(m), which, that, whose, why, when, where. 
Trường hợp có thể bỏ được đại từ quan hệ (omitted relative pronouns)
Phân loại mệnh đề quan hệ: xác định (defining relative clause) và không xác định (non-defining relative clause)
Giới từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
Dạng rút gọn của mệnh đề quan hệ
Những trường hợp không được dùng THAT và những trường hợp bắt buộc dùng THAT
WHICH với tư cách là từ nối (connector) thay thế cho cả một mệnh đề đứng đằng trước nó.
Concession : (al)though, even though
Mệnh đề chỉ sự tương phản: (al)though, even though, even if, no matter, whatever, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that...
Cụm từ chỉ sự tương phản: in spite of, despite, due to,.. 
B.BÀI TẬP
Part 1: Phonetics
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently. 
1. 	A. eliminate 	B. elephant C. endanger	 	D. erosion
2. 	A. worked	B. stopped	 C. watched	D. visited
3. 	A. peasant 	B. please	 C. reason 	D. ease
4. 	A. waited	B. mended	 C. invited	D. faced
5.	A. traveled	B. stared	 	 C. landed	D. fastened
6.	A. occupation	 B. college	 C. comfortable	D. knowledge 
7.	A. determined	 B. researched	 C. obtained	D. harbored
8.	A. mingling	B. simplicity	 C. variety	D. difficulty
9.	A. insect	B. apes	 C. seal	D. whales
10.	A. forest	 B. resort	 C. reason	D. visit
11.	A. summary 	 B. multiply	 C. subtract	D. instruction
12.	A. brushed 	 B. punched	 C. pumped	D. stimulated
13.	A. mankind	B. cancer	 C. alcohol	D. survival
14.	A. humans	B. dreams	 C. concerts	D. songs
15.	A. communicates	B. mistakes	 C. complains	D. develops
II. Choose the word which has different stress from the others.
1. 	A. technical 	B. introduce 	C. villager 	D. family
2. 	A. technology 	B. important 	C. popularity 	D. impossible
3	A. borrow	B. agree	C. await	D. prepare
4 	A. decide 	B. educate 	C. supply 	D. provide
5 	A. ocean 	B. divide 	C. modem 	D. water
6 	A. pacific 	B. satellite 	C. century 	D. animal
7 	A. organism 	B. investigate 	C. diversity 	D. technology
8 	A. entrapment 	B. gestation 	C. population 	D. intelligent
9 	A. shortage 	B. complete 	C. release 	D. increase
10	A. destroy 	B. planet 	C. farmer 	D. forest
11	A. destruction 	B. movement 	C. important 	 D. appearance
12	A. national 	B. establish 	C. tropical 	D. interest
13	A. refusal 	B. acceptance 	C. suitable 	D. minority
14	A. express	B. classical 	C. occasion	D. emotion
15	A. popular 	B. different 	C. integral 	D. expression 
Part 2: Grammar and Vocabulary
I. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the following sentences.
1. Is your father willing to _______a hand with cleaning the house? A. work B. give C. join	D. take
2. – What an attractive hair style you have got, Mary! - _________________ .
A. Thank you very much. I am afraid.	C. Thank you for your compliment.
	B. You are telling a lie.	D. I don’t like your saying.
3. She has been very _____ during my illness. 	A. supporting	 B. support C. supportive D. supported
4. I love joining ________ my father ___________ mending things around the house.
A. with / for	B. Ø / with	 C. with / in	D. Ø / in
5. It is parents’ duty and responsibility to _____ hands to take care of their children and give them a happy home.
A. shake	B. hold	C. join	 D. give
6. My friend often shows her ________________ whenever I have troubles.
A. sympathy 	B. sympathize 	C. sympathetic 	D. sympathetically
7. In Vietnam, two, three or even four generations live ________ one roof. 
 A. in	 B. over	C. with	D. under
8. My close friend is often concerned __________ all problems that I mention. 
 A. over	B. with	C. in 	 D. on
9. The boy learns hard in his____ to be the top in every exam, which will leave a good impression on his girlfriend
	A. try	B. attempt	C. way	D. wish
10. A (n) ____________ child means a child who behaves badly and saddens his parents.
	A. active	B. hard – working	C. obedient	 D. mischievous
11. Can you explain why some people can work better when they are _______ pressure? 
 A. in	 B. on 	 C. under	 D. at
12. The new alarming device is to make sure that you always feel safe and ________ in the building.
	A. secure	B. security	C. secured	D. securing
13. It has been a habit for families here to wait for the ring at 7 p.m. every day to _____ the garbage.
	A. take in	B. take off	C. take up	D. take out
14.	The leaf hat is used like an umbrella_______ people from the sun or the rain.
A. to protect	B. protect	C. protecting	D. protected
15.In Vietnam in the past, love was supposed_______ marriage, not precede it.
	A. to follow	B. follow	C. to following	D. following
16.Families in Vietnam maintain strong ties and provide each other_____assistance and support as needed.
A. on	B. of	C. with	D. in
17. Body language is potent form of ____communication. A. verbal B. non – verbal C. tongue D. oral
18. The lecturer explained the problem very clearly and is always ____________ in response to questions.
A. attention	B. attentive	C. attentively	D. attentiveness
19. People sometimes _________ not only through words but also through body language.
	A. say	B. communicate	C. exchange	D. talk
20. Can you ______ either verbal or non-verbal forms of communication when you want to speak to someone?
A. do	B. make	C. use	D. take
21.	Nodding the head can mean that a person is _____________ the conversation.
	A. tired of	B. bored with	C. interested in	D. disappointed with
22. Sometimes when you move out of home or to a new city or town, it can be difficult to meet new people and ___________.
A. to socialize	B. socialize	C. socialized	D. socializing
23. GCSE is often a requirement for taking A- levels, a common type of university ___________ requirement.
	A. entrance	B. enclose	C. attendance	D. assessment
24. Primary education must support children______basic understandings of the nature, society and human beings. A. in	B. of	C. by	D. with
25.	There is no school fee for primary education _______ books and meals (if students want to have lunch at their school). A. beside	 . except	 C. unless	D. not
26.	High school education_______ three years, from the tenth to the twelfth forms. (Students are from fifteen to seventeen years old).
	A. lasts B. takes	 C. prolongs	D. has
27. Certain courses at this college are compulsory. Others are ____________ 
.A. choices B. optional	 C. selective	 D. voluntary
28. A letter of ___________ is sometimes really necessary for you in a job interview.
	A. recommend	B. recommended	C. recommender	D. recommendation
29. Being well-dress and punctual can help you create a good _____ on your interviewer.
	A. impression	B. pressure	C. effectiveness	D. concentration
30. The student has to _______ for a place at the university while doing the A- level. 
 A. send B. get	C. take	D. apply
31. Can you tell me about the _______ process to tertiary study in Vietnam?
A. applies	B. applying	C. application	D. apply
32. For high school education, final exam is compulsory_______ a certificate to enter the universities or colleges.
A. get	B. to get	C. getting	D. got
33. It is almost _____________ for young people leaving school today to get a job.
	A. possible	B. impossible	C. possibly	D. impossibly
34. We have decided to interview only ten _________________ for the job.
	A. Appliances	B. applicants	 C. applicable	D. applications
35. Qualifications and _____ are two most important factors that help you get a good job.
	A. politeness	B. attention	C. experience	D. impression
35. In Vietnamese school, English, literature and mathematics are three ________ subjects, which are 
compulsory in many important national examinations.
	A. core B. part	 C. centre	D. middle
36. He has not been offered the job because he cannot meet the _________ of the company.
	A. requirements 	B. requiring	C. require	D. required
37. The _______ education lasts four years from the sixth form to the ninth form.
	A. primary	B. compulsory 	C. upper secondary	 D. lower secondary
38. The successful _______________ must be hard-working, responsible and honest.
	A. applicant	B. application	C. apply	D. applicable 
39. They didn’t pay ___________ to how many hours you worked, but how you really worked.
	A. attend	B. attentive	C. attention	D. attentively
40. The government has succeeded in reducing the level of _____________ to only 7%.
	A. employment	B. unemployed	C. unemployment	D. employer
41. Can you tell me some information that _______________to the job?
	A. indicates	B. expresses	C. interests	D. relates
42. He was offered the job thanks to his ____________ performance during his job interview.
	A. impress	B. impression	C. impressive	D. impressively
43. Nam has lived with his grandparents since he _________ a little boy so he is quite obedient.
A. is	B. was	C. has been	D. had been
44. In my family, the interest we share closely_________ watching films on TV. 
 A. is	 B. are	 C. was	D. were
45. In my family, my father is the person I always talk to before ____an important decision. 
A. make	 B. makes	 C. making D. made
46. During the school year, my mother doesn't allow me_________ to bed late. 
 A. to go	B. go	 C. going	 D. went
47. I _________ allowed to use my father's motorbike. 
A. were not	B. is not	C. am not	D. being not
48. Do you feel safe_________ your close friend your secrets? 
A. to tell	B. tell	C. telling	D. told
49. My brother never _________ me use his laptop. A. allows B. lets	C. gives	D. permits
50. Jack, _________ I played tennis yesterday, was much fitter than me. 
A. with whom	B. with who	 C. whom	 D. who
51. _________ you were working hard for your exams last week, I was sitting on a plane bound for London.
A. As	B. When	C. While	D. Despite
52. Peter told me that he _________ for the capital the following week. 
 A. leaves	B. left	C. was leaving	D. is leaving
53. _____________ Tom Cruise’s last movie? – Yes, I _________ it three days ago.
A. Have you ever seen / saw	B. Had you ever seen / had seen	
 C. Did you ever see / have seen D. Did you ever see / saw
54. In England, the academic year is divided into three terms. Each term _______ by a one- week break.
A. separates	B. separated	C. is separated	D. is separating
55. Unfortunately, the gold hunter and his dogs _________ could not manage to find the way out of the 
snowy storm never returned 
	A. which 	B. who 	C. whom 	D. that 
56. English ________ as a second language in my country in the future. 
A. will use B. is used C. uses	 D. will be used
57. If you _______ 5 minutes late, you won't be able to get into the examination room. 
A. will be	B. were	C. are	 D. would be
58. The state school system _______by the state. A. is payed	 B. is paying	C. is paid	D. pays
59. Do you get on well with the girl___ shares the room with you? A. whose B. who C. which	 D. that
60. I _______ you a letter if I had known your address. 
A. would have sent	 B. would send	 	C. will send	 D. sent
61. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore where it
 __________ for administration, broadcasting and education. 
 A. is used	B. uses	C. was used	D. is using
62.	Mangoes, ________ are my favorite fruit, are very expensive in Vietnam.
 A. which	B. what	C. that	D. Ø
63.	The wedding, to ______ only members of the family were invited, took place last Saturday
. A. which	B. that C. who	D. whom
64.	Sunday is the day ________ I don’t have to get up early. 
A. that	B. where	C. which	D. when
65.	He would get mark 10 if he _______ again the paper. He made one mistake in it.
	A. read	B. is reading	C. reads	D. will read
66.	He _______ her an opportunity to work in his office if she had had English proficiency.
	A. would have given	B. would have gave	 C. would give	D. gives
67.	He got good marks at his exams because all the lessons _____ carefully by him.
	A. are revised	B. had revised	C. had been revised	D. were revised
68.	Nowadays, young people are free to choose their mates and they are encouraged____ at least at the age of 23. A. marrying	B. marry	C. to marry	D. married
69. The fishermen and their boats ___ were off the coast three days ago have just been reported to be missing. 
A. which	B. that	C. who	D. whom
70. When I woke up and looked outside, the landscape had changed. The ground had been lightly_______ with a dusting of snow during the night. A. covering B. cover C. covers	D. covered
II. Choose the one word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct 
1. She is very lazy. She almost never help her mother with the household chores.
	A	 B	C	D
2. Her father told her take the dog for a walk after breakfast.
A B C D
3. What would happen if the temperature is warmer?
 	 A B C D
4. When it was first establish in 1973, it consisted of only two hectares of land. 
A B C 	 D
5. It's difficult for me decide whether I should accept the job or not.
 A B	 	 C	 D
6. If he fails the final exam, he wouldn’t be able to graduate.
 A B C	D
7. You would be welcome to join in our staff if you changed your mind.
 A	B	 C D
8. If you left the milk out of the fridge in this weather, it will go off.
 A	 B	 C D
9. Music plays an importance part in our life.
 A	 B	 C D
10. I am in grade 12 and I am below a lot of study pressure.
 A B	 C	 D
11. My close friend's responsibility is cook the meals for the whole family.
	A	 B C	 D
12. Are there any differences among Vietnamese and American cultures?
	A	 B	 C	D
13. Does the groom and the bride exchange rings their wedding on the wedding day?
	A 	B	 C D
14. Everything would have been all right if you did not make such a mistake.
A B	C	 D
15. To live healthily we should do exercises regularly and stop smoke.
 A B	 C D
16. He works at Heathrow Airport, that is one of the biggest airports in the world.
 A	 B	 C D
17. Da Lat, where is located on High Land, is famous for mild climate.
 	 A B C D
18. Almost Indian men agree that it is unwise to confide on their wives
 A	 B	 C	 D
19. If you had the chance to meet famous writers, what do you ask them? 
 A B C D
20. If they offered you the job, will you accept it?
 A B C D
21. In Asia, a husband is obliged telling his wife where he has been.
	A	 B C	D
22 It is not easy set up rules that tell exactly when you should apologize.
 A	B	C	 D
23. My English teacher always compliment us on getting good marks at the exams.
	A	B	 C	D
24 After a week, we finally got to Miami, which my grandparents live
	 A	 B	 C	 D	
25 Louisa May Alcott, she is best known for her books for children, served as a nurse during the Civil war.
	 A B C	 D
26 In Vietnam, we do not expect the gifts be opened until after the guests have left.
	A	 B	 C	 D
27 I don't know the name of the woman whom I spoke on the phone last night. 
	A	 B 	 C	 D
28 In England, all children can be attended state schools without paying tuition fees.
	A	B C	D
29A lot of articles about the environment has been written by my classmates.
	A	 B	C	D
30 The painting, Sun Flower, which painted by Van Gogh, was stolen many times.
 A	 B	 C D
Part 3 – Reading 
I. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question.
A. 	If parents bring up a child with the aim of turning the child into a genius, they will cause great damage to him. According to several leading educational psychologists, this is one of the biggest mistakes which some parents make. Generally, the child will understand very well what the parents expect, and will fail. Unrealistic parental expectations can cause great damage to the children.
However, if parents are not unrealistic about what they expect their children to do, but are hopeful in a sensible way, the child may succeed in doing very well especially if the parents are very supportive of their children.
Michael Smiths is very lucky. He is very fond of music, and his parents help him a lot by taking him to concerts and arranging private piano and violin lessons. Although Michael's father plays the trumpet in a large orchestra, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if the is unwilling.
Michael's friend, Winston Maier, however, is not so lucky. As both his parents are successful musicians, they set too high a standard for Winston. They want their son to be as successful as they are, and so they enter him in every piano competition held. They are very unhappy when he does not win. "When I was at your age, I used to win every competition I entered," Winston's father tells him. Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.
1. 	The main idea of the passage is ________.
A. how parents should make a child a musician. 
B. what differences there are between two kinds of parents.
C. how parents should bring up a child	 D. what aim of a child can be much earlier to each.
2.	Michael is lucky because________.
A. his parents help him in a sensible way	C. his family is rich enough to have a car
B. his father is a musician in an orchestra	D. he is free to do anything that he likes best
3.Winston's parents set so high a standard for him that________.
A. he has to do his best to do everything	C. he has made great progress in music
B. he is afraid that he may disappoint them	D. he often wants to kill himself some day
4. It is one of parents' mistakes if________
A. they want their child to be a musician	C. they help their child to win music competitions
B. they don’t care for their child's education much	D. they make their child try to achieve too much.
5. According to the author's opinion, ________.
A. it is unimportant to let the child develop in the way they want. 
B. parents should be supportive of their children.
C. all sensible parents can train their children to succeed in everything.
D. unrealistic parents should arrange private lessons for their children. 
B. 	Edward is entering a university and has to decide what foreign language to study, since he needs12 credits to graduate. He studied Japanese by himself in high