Chuyên đề Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 - Passive voice (Thể bị động)

CHUYÊN ĐỀ: PASSIVE VOICE 
(THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG) 
I. Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động: 
Active: Chủ động 
S + V + O 
S + be* + P.P + by + O 
(* be chia theo thì của V) 
Passive: Bị động 
Ex: They are painting the house. 
 → The house is being painted. 
 They had destroyed all the documents when we arrived. 
 → All the documents had been destroyed when we arrived. 
II. Thay đổi hình thức động từ cụ thể trong từng thì: 
TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE 
Simple Present S + V1-s/es S + am / is / are + PP 
Present continuous S + am / is / are + V-ing S + am / is / are + being + PP 
Simple Past S + V-ed /V2 S + was / were + PP 
Past continuous S + was / were + V-ing S + was / were + being + PP 
Present Perfect S + have / has + PP S + have / has + been + PP 
Past Perfect S + had + PP S + had + been + PP 
Simple Future S + will + V1 S + will + be + PP 
Modal verbs 
 can 
 may 
 must 
S + have to + V1 
 should 
 used to 
 be going to 
 can 
 may 
 must 
S + have to + be + V3 
 should 
 used to 
 be going to 
Ex: 
1. John delivers the newspapers every morning. 
 The newspapers are delivered by John every morning. 
2. My mother wrote that letter. 
 That letter was written by my mother. 
3. They will build a new school here next month. 
 A new school will be built here next month. 
4. He is asking me a lot of questions. 
 I am being asked a lot of questions. 
5. She was doing her homework at that time. 
 Her homework was being done at that time. 
6. My mother has made that cake. 
 That cake has been made by my mother. 
7. They had prepared a party before we came. 
 A party had been prepared before we came. 
8. Sue is going to write the book 
 The book is going to be written by Sue 
9. You must finish this report 
 This report must be finished 
NOTES: LƯU Ý: 
1. Khi chủ ngữ và túc từ trong câu chủ động là đại từ, ta phải thay đổi cho phù 
hợp. 
Ex: The teacher punished me . 
  I was punished by the teacher. 
2. Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là: people, I, we, you, they, someone, 
somebody, everyone, everybody, anybodykhi đổi sang bị động thường được 
bỏ đi 
Ex: They built this bridge last year. 
 This bridge was built last year (by them) 
3. Khi trong câu chủ động có 2 túc từ thì dùng tức từ nào làm chủ ngữ cũng 
được, tuy nhiên, túc từ chỉ người được sử dụng nhiều hơn. 
Ex: My mother bought me a new shirt. 
 I was bought a new shirt by my mother. 
 A new shirt was bought for me by my mother. 
4. Nếu chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là Noone/ noboby khi đổi sang bị động ta bỏ 
by noone/ nobody nhưng động từ phải đổi sang thể phủ định. 
Ex: No one believes his story. 
 His story isn’t believed. 
5. Vị trí của trạng từ. 
Trạng từ chỉ thể cách được đặt trứơc Past Participle. 
Ex: I do my homework carefully. 
 My homework is carefully done. 
Trạng từ chỉ thời gian có thể đặt ở đầu câu hoặc sau by + O 
Ex: I lent him money yesterday. 
 He was lent money yesterday. 
 Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn được đặt trước by + O 
Ex: Mary bought the gift from that shop. 
 the gift was bought from that shop by Mary. 
III. MỘT SỐ DẠNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT: 
1. Verbs of opinion (Động từ chỉ ý kiến): say, think, believe, know, report, 
consider, expect, feel, hope, know, understand 
KINDS FORMS 
Active S1 + VS1 + that + S2 + VS2 
Passive 
It + be V3/ ed + that + S2 + VS 
S2 + be V3/ ed + to V(S2) 
 to have V3/ ed 
Ex. People say that he is a famous doctor. 
 It is said that he is a famous doctor. 
 He is said to be a famous doctor. 
 People believe that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour. 
 It is believed that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour. 
 He is believed to have driven through the town at 90 km an hour. 
2. Causative forms(Thể nhờ bảo): have, get 
VERBS KINDS FORMS 
Have 
Active S + have + O (person) + Vo + O (thing) 
Passive S + have + O (thing) + V3/ed 
Get 
Active S + get + O (person) + to V + O (thing) 
Passive S + get + O (thing) + V3/ed 
Ex: 
1. I had him repair my bicycle yesterday. 
 I had my bicycle repaired yesterday. 
2. I get her to make some coffee. 
 I get some coffee made. 
3. Verbs of perception (Động từ chỉ giác quan): see, hear, watch, smell 
Active: S +see/ hear/ watch/ smell + O +Vo / V-ing 
Passive: S + be + seen/ heard/ watched/smelt + to Vo/ V-ing. 
 Ex: They saw the man run away / They saw the man running away 
  The man was seen to run away / The man was seen running away 
4. Với động từ make/ let + O + bare - infinitive 
Active: S + make + O + bare - infinitive 
Passive: S + be + made + to - infinitive. 
 Ex: Teacher make the students do a lot of homework. 
  Students are made to do a lot of homework. 
Active: S + let + O + bare infinitive 
Passive: S + be + allowed + to - infinitive. 
 Ex: She lets her son play computer games on Sunday afternoon. 
  Her son is allowed to play computer games on Sunday afternoon. 
5. Với động từ: want/ need + to + V  want/need + V-ing/to be + V-ed/V3 
Ex: He needs you to believe his ability. 
  He needs to be believed his ability. 
Ex: They need to repaint the house . 
  The house needs repainting = The house needs to be repainted 
6. Remember/ hate/ keep+ someone + V-ing. 
Ex: I remember my mother taking me to school on the first day. 
 I remember being taken to school on the first day by my mother. 
7. Imperative form (thể mệnh lệnh) 
Active: Verb + object + adjunct 
Passive: Let + object + be + past participle + adjunct. 
Ex1: Keep your hand clean 
  Let your hand be kept clean. 
Ex2: Don’t talk the secret to her. 
  Don’t let the secret be talked to her. 
8. It is your duty to do something  You are supposed to do something (bổn 
phận của bạn là.) 
Ex: It’s your duty to lock all the doors. 
 You are supposed to lock all the doors. 
EXERCISES 
I. Change the following sentences into the passive voice. 
1. They grow rice in tropical countries. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
2. Mr. Green loves his children very much. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
3. People don’t speak French here. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
4. Someone broke his windows last night. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
5. The police didn’t find the lost boy yesterday. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
6. About thirty million people are watching this live show now. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
7. They were carrying the injured player off the field at that time. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
8. Jack has typed the article recently. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
9. The police haven’t found the murderer yet. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
10. They were carrying the injured player off the field at that time. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
11. They had wrapped the package carefully before they posted it. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
12. Children should treat old men with respect. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
13. The computer can do all the accounts. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
14. They are going to build a new school. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
15. He isn’t going to buy that house. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
16. They will pull down that building 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
17. The teacher won’t correct the exercises tomorrow. 
→ 
18. You have to keep dangerous chemicals in the safe place. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
19. Police had to break the meeting up. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
20. They may use that room for the classroom. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
21. You must wash your hands. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
22. They ought to knock down the old building. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
23. You needn’t type that report today. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
24. Nobody has used this room for ages. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
25. No one can solve that problem. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
26. No one told us the news. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
27. Paul didn’t tell me the ending of the story. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
28. The teacher will give her a prize if she works well. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
29. Her mother bought her a doll last week. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
30. The police found the robber in the forest yesterday. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
31. They made him work all day. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
32. People don’t make the children work hard. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
33. They let him meet her family last month. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
34. He won’t let you do that silly thing again. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
35. People saw him steal your car. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
36. I have heard her sing this song several times. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
37. The teacher is watching them work. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
38. Alice had a mechanic repair her car. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
39. Ellen got Marvin to type her paper. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
40. The hairdresser is cutting Mary’s hair now. 
→ Mary is having her hair .................................................................................... 
→ Mary is having the hairdresser ......................................................................... 
41. People know that English is an international language. 
→ It is known ...................................................................................................... 
→ English is known ............................................................................................. 
42. They said that she won the competition. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
43. They reported that the President had suffered a heart attack. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
44. They need to clean the windows 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
45. I would like to give Mary a nice present. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
46. Our teacher wants us to prepare our lessons carefully. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
47. It is your duty to lock all the doors. 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
48. He suggested selling the radio 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
49. Open your book, please! 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
50. They advised enlarging the garden 
→ ....................................................................................................................... 
II. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences 
1. These T-shirts and jeans __________ in the US. in 1900. 
A. have made B. made C. were made D. make 
2. The building is very dangerous. It __________ down next week. 
A. knocked B. will knock C. will be knocked D. was knocked 
3. The room looks nice. It __________ 
A. was cleaning B. has just been cleaned 
C. will be cleaned D. is cleaning 
4. We  each other for 10 years. 
A. know B. knew C. have known D. had known 
5. Our twenty houses __________ when the fire engine __________ 
A. had burnt up / arrived B. burnt up / had arrived 
C. had been burnt up / arrived D. will have burnt / arrives 
6. After I __________ the grass, it __________ to rain. 
A. have watered / will begin B. water / began 
C. had watered / began D. had watered / will have begun 
7. Next week when there __________ a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher. 
A. is being B. is C. will be D. will have been 
8. English is __________ all over the world. 
A. spoken B. speak C. speaks D. to speak 
9. Where will these coconut trees __________? 
A. be planted B. planted C. plant D. be planting 
10. Before Jane won the lottery, she __________ any kind of contest. 
A. hasn’t entered B. doesn’t enter C. wasn’t entering D. hadn’t entered 
11. My parents __________ tomorrow to stay with me for a few days. 
A. come B. will have come C. are coming D. came 
12. She left home in 1993 and __________ since then. 
A. hasn’t seen B. didn’t see 
C. hasn’t been seen D. wasn’t seen 
13.__________ your house painted last year? 
A. Had B. Did C. Was D. Have 
14. What __________ you __________ at 8 o’clock last night? 
A. did/ do B. have/ done C. were/ doing D. had/ done 
15. - “We are having a party at the weekend.” -“Great! Who _________?” 
A. will being invited B. Is going to invite 
C. is going to be invited D. will invite 
16. This is the fifth time you __________ the same question. 
A. ask B. asked C. are asking D. have asked 
17. This church was said __________ in the 19
th
 century. 
A. to build B. to be built C. to have been built D. being built 
18. In England, the academic year __________ into three terms. Each term 
__________ by a one-week break. 
A. is divided / separated B. divided / is separated 
C. is divided / is separated D. divided / separated 
19. Gold __________ in California in the 19
th
 century. 
A. was discovered B. was discover 
C. has been discovered D. they discovered 
20. I am going to have my car __________ 
A. service B. to be serviced C. serviced D. servicing 
21. Two tablets __________ twice a day to have you recover from the illness 
quickly. 
A. must take B. must be taken C. must have taken D. must be taking 
22. The next meeting __________ in May. 
A. will hold B. will be held C. will be holding D. will have held 
23. They had a boy _______ that yesterday. 
A. done B. to do C. did D. do 
24. We got our mail _______ yesterday. 
A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver 
25. James_______ the news as soon as possible. 
A. should tell B. should be told C. should told D. should be telled 
26. My wedding ring _______ yellow and white gold. 
A. is made B. is making C. made D. make 
27. Mr. Wilson is _______ as Willie to his friend. 
A. known B. knew C. is known D. know 
28. References _______ in the examination room. 
A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used 
29. Laura _______ in Boston. 
A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born 
30. His car needs ________. 
A. be fixed B. fixing C. to be fixing D. fixed 
31. Her watch needs _______. 
A. repairing B. to be repaired C. repaired D. A and B 
32. My mother is going _____ this house. 
A. sold B. sell C. to be sold D. to sell 
33. There’s somebody behind us. I think we are _______. 
A. being followed B. are followed C. follow D. following 
34. Have you _______ by a dog? 
A. bite B. bit C. ever been bitten D. ever been bit 
35. The room is being _______ at the moment. 
A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean 
36. It _______ that the strike will end soon. 
A. is expected B. expected C. are expected D. was expected 
37. It is _______ that many people are homeless after the floods. 
A. was reported B. reports C. reported D. reporting 
38. He was said _______ this building. 
A. designing B. to have designed C. to design D. designed 
39. Ted _______ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden. 
A. got sting B. got stung C. get stung D. gets stung 
40. These tennis courts don’t _____ very often. Not many people want to play. 
 A. got used B. used C. get used D. get use 
41. I’ll get Minh _______ this for you. 
 A. do B. done C. did D. to do 
42. Those letters _______ now. You can do the typing later. 
 A. need typing B. needn't be typed 
 C. need to type D. needn't typing 
43. “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it_______ especially for me 
by a French tailor.” 
 A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made