Chuyên đề Tiếng Anh 12: Giới từ đi kèm với động từ

PHRASE-VERBS
Giới từ đi kèm với động từ
1. Care - for = like thích
 - about = be interested quan tâm tới điều gì
 - to = take care of quan tâm, chăm sóc tới ai
 - of nhờ gửi
2. Carry - on = continue + Ving tiếp tục
 - on with st tiếp tục cái gì
 e.g : The doctor told her to carry on with the treatment 
 - st in one’s hand cầm cái gì trong tay
 - out thực hiện 
3. Pick – out - lựa chọn, phân loại
 e.g Here are six rings. Pick out the one you like best
 - sb up - đón ai
 e.g: He picked the child and carried him into the house
 - st up - nhặt cái gì, hái lượm
4. See - sb off đưa tiễn ai
 - over = look over xem xét kỹ càng
 - through thấy rõ bản chất
5. Call - for đòi hỏi yêu cầu
 - off = cancel hoãn lại
 - up triệu tập , gọi điện thoại
 - back gọi lại
 - in ghé vào , tạt vào
 - on gọi học sinh trong lớp
 - on sb ghé thăm ai
6. Make - a bargain with sb mặc cả với ai
 - a comment on st phê bình điều gì
 - a promise to do = promise to do hứa làm gì
 - off with st = steal st ăn chộm cái gì
 - up trang điểm
 - up st= create bịa chuyện
 - up for st = compensate for st đền bù 
 - a mend to sb for st bồi thường 
 - one’s mind to do= decide to do quyết định
 - progress in st/ Ving tiến bộ trong việc gì
 - use of st tận dụng
 - sb + adj làm cho ai làm sao
 - friend with sb kết bạn với ai
 - love with sb làm tình với ai
 - love to sb tỏ tình với ai
 - sb do st = force sb to do yêu cầu ai làm gì
 - st = to produce st sản xuất ra cái gì
 - make of st làm cái gì còn giữ chất liệu ban đầu
 - make from st làm cái không còn giữ chất liệu ban đầu
 - away tránh xa
 - back trở lại
 - off with = run away with trốn, chuồn
 - out nhận ra
 - a profit có lãi
 - a less có lỗ
 - preparation for st chuẩn bị cái gì
 - mistake mắc lỗi
7. Give - away to sb cung cấp, tiết lộ
 - off thừa nhận 
 - in nhượng bộ
 - sb an offer đưa ai lời mời
 - sb for a lift cho ai đi nhờ
 - sb st đưa ai cai gì
 - st to sb đua cái gì cho ai
 - sb back trả lại ai cái gì
 - up st/ doing từ bỏ
 - out = exhaust kiệt sức
 - over chấm dứt
8. Turn - down vặn nhỏ
 - up vặn to
 - in nộp bài
 -off tắt 
 - on mở
 - st into st = make st into st = change st into st biến cái gì thành cái gì
9. Take - sb in = decieve lừa dối
 - place = occur = happen xảy ra
 - St in = understand hiểu
 - to sb = like thích
 - against st = dislike không thích
 - up st/ doing = start bắt đầu
 - off cất cánh
 - out cởi bỏ
 - over st = to be responsible to sb for st/doing chịu trách nhiệm
 - up = occupy chiếm đoạt
 - on sb tuyển dụng ai
 - down ghi lại
 - for nhầm lẫn ai với ai
 - back trả lại
 - Pride in sb / st tự hào về ai
 - one’side đứng về phía ai
 - advantage of st / sb lợi dụng ai
 - a nap nghỉ trưa
 - part in = go in for= enter a competition tham gia vào 
 - care of sb / st = look after chăm sóc ai
 - bribery nhận hối lộ
 - after = resemble giống
 10. lay - down hy sinh đề ra, lập nên
 - in tích trữ
 - into công kích
 - on phân phất , cung cấp
 - out sắp đặt, bố trí
 - up dự trữ
11. bring - st along mang theo cái gì
 - sb st mang cho ai cái gì 
 - st to sb mang cái gì cho ai
 - about = cause gây ra
 - up nuôi dưỡng
 - over = persuade= thuyết phục
 - off = succeed in st thành công 
 - down = land hạ cánh 
 - in = take part in tham gia
 - out = publish xuất bản
12. break - st into two bẻ cái gì ra làm đôi
 - away =escape trốn thoát
 - st of st tách cái gì ra khỏi cai gì
 - up tan vỡ
 - with sb / st dứt khoát với
 - the news to sb báo tin cho ai
 - into đột nhập
 - down bẻ gãy
 - out nở ra
13. run - a business bắt đầu buôn bán
 - out of cạn kiệt
 - a bath xả bồn tắm
 - after sb = chase sb 
 - away with sb chạy theo ai
 - into = come across = to meet by chance tinhf cờ gậpi
 - over chết
 - through hoang phí
 - up mắc nợ
 - down kiệt sức
14. put - an end to st/ ving chấm dứt
 - off hoãn
 - up with chiu đựng
 - down ghi
 - out dập tắt
 - on weight tăng cân
 - on mặc quần áo
 - up with sb độ lượng khoan dung
 - sb down = disappointed to sb làm ai thất vọng
 - sb up = give sb accomodation cho ai ở nhờ
 - st up = raise tăng
 - sb off = distract sb = discourage sb from Ving làm ai nhụt chí, làm ai lạc đường
 - st off = switch off = delay trì hoãn
 - up on sb = take advantage of sb lợi dụng ai
 - sb through = get sb nối máy điện thoại cho ai
 - sb up to + Ving = encourage sb to do st động viên ai
 - st into practice đưa cái gì vào thực tế
 - away cất đi
 - back để lại chỗ cũ
 - yourself in their shoes đặt ai vào vị trí của ai
 - confindence in sb/ st đặt niềm tin vào ai
 - st a side để dành
15. Keep - on + Ving tiếp tục làm gì
 - st in = store tích trữ
 - in with sb = be friendly with thiện trí với ai
 - out of st = to be involved in/with st không bị cuốn vào cái gì
 - sb in giữ ai ở trong
 - sb up = prevent sb from going to sleep ngăn cản ai đi ngủ
 - up with sb = catch up with st/ Ving theo kịp ai
 - away from sb/st tránh khỏi
 - on out of sb quấy rầy ai
 -back = off kiểm soát
 - down kiềm chế trấn áp
 - up = maintain duy trì
 -out đứng ở ngoài
 - out of / away from tránh xa khỏi cái gì
16. look - back/back on xem xets lại nhìn lại
 - into st = investigate điều tra
 - for = find tìm kiếm
 - up and down nhìn chằm chằm từ đầu đến chân
 - up to sb = respect sb= have a respect for sb coi trong ai
 - down on = up on coi thường ai
 - up tra từ điển
 - after = take care of sb chăm sóc ai
 - at nhìn vào ai cai gì
 - through nhìn qua
 - out for = be careful cẩn thận
 - over = go over ôn tập
 - forward to + Ving mong đợi làm gì
 - on/ up on sb as sb coi ai như ai
 Vd : He looks on me as his mother
in the face nhìn thẳng vào mặt
to sb for assistance mong đợi ai guips đỡ
in tạt vào ghé vào 
a head dự đoán tương lai
17.Come - across sb = run into sb = to meet by chance tình cờ gặp
To throne/ crown lên ngôi vua
Into = come in contact with sb bắt liên lạc với ai
Up against= be faced with đối mặt với
About = happen xảy ra
In/into đi vào
Out = to fall ngã
In with a rush đổ dồn dập tới
To one’s ear đến tai ai
To an end chấm dứt
To an agreement đi đến thỏa thuận
Into fashion hợp thời trang
Into effect có hiệu lực 
Up to lên tới
To a decision đi đến quyết định
To a standstill đến chỗ bế tắc
To light = be known ra ngoài ánh sáng
Back trở về
To/ round đến , ghé thăm
18.Go - after = run after chạy theo
In for sport = take part in sport tham gia vào môn thể thao nào
To the front đi ra mặt trận
To hell = away cút đi
Out with sb ôn, kiểm tra lại cẩn thận
Over on the sick for sb báo ngỉ ốm cho ai 
Up = grow up = increase = rise tăng 
Bankcrupt phá sản
On strike đình công
Well with sb = to match phù hợp với 
Off nổ
For = attack tấn công
On tiếp tục
Back quay trở lại
Through kiểm tra,tìm tòi
Back on xóa bỏ
Up đi lên
Down đi xuống
19. Get - up thức dậy
 - on well with ăn ý
 - through thi đỗ, hoàn tất
 - by on st sống sót
 - sb down làm ai thất vọng
 - sb through nối máy điện thoại
 - over = overcome vượt qua, phục hồi
 - sb up gọi ai dậy
 - st up = organise tổ chức
 - out of tránh gặp
 - in touch with liên lạc
 - along with sống chan hòa
 - in/into vào xe hơi 
 - off tháo khỏi, xuống xe
 - on lên xe 
 - about lan ra
 - away đi khỏi
 - back from trở về từ
 - back nhận lại
 - Sb an offer đưa ai lwoif mời 
 - sb for a lift cho ai đi nhờ 
Prepositions 
I. 108 Prepositions: at, to; preposition/adverb: in
Insert suitable prepositions in the following.
 1. Could I speak . . . Tom, please? ~
 I'm afraid Tom's . . . work. But Jack's .... Would you like to speak . . . him?
 2. How do I get ...the air terminal? -
 Turn right . . . the end of this street and you'll see it . . . front of you.
 3. He started going . . . school . . . the age of five. So now he's been . . . school for ten 
 years. He's leaving . . . the end of this year.
 4. He goes . . . his office every day except Sunday. On Sundays he stays . . . home and works . . . the garden.
 5. I think I left my umbrella . . . the bus. I'd better write . . . the Lost Property Office. 
 6. We arrived . . . the airport . . . good time for the plane.
 7. Can I look up a word . . . your dictionary? I left mine . . . home.
 8. Our train arrived . . . York . . . 6.30. Paul met us . . . the station.
 9. Have you been . . . the theatre recently? ~ Yes, I was . . . the Old Vie last night.
10. I'm returning . . . France . . . the end of this term. ~Are you coming back . . . England after the holidays?
11. He isn't living . . . home now, but if you write . . . his home they'll forward the letter . . . his new address. 
12 I went . . bed early but I couldn't get . . sleep because the people . . . the next room were talking so loudly.
13 . . . first I found the work very tiring, but . . . a few weeks I got used ... it.
14 There was an accident . . . the crossroads . . . midnight last night.
Two men were taken . . . hospital. I believe one of them is still . . . hospital.
15 . . . the daytime the streets are crowded but . . . night they are quite deserted.
16 . . . first her father refused to allow her to go back . . . work; but . . . the end he agreed.
17 . . . the beginning of a textbook there is a preface, and . . . the end there is an index. 
18 He went . . sea . . .18,he spent all his working life . . .sea. He retired . . .56 and went to live . . the country. 
19 I saw Tom . . . the bus stop this morning but couldn't speak . . . him because we were standing . . . a queue and he was . . . the front of it and I was . . . the back.
20 I'll leave some sandwiches . . . the fridge in case you are hungry when you come in.
21 We'd better start . . . six, because climbing up . . . the gallery takes some time. I hope you don't mind sitting . . . the gallery. ~No, of course not. When I go . . . the opera I always go . . . the gallery.
22 He is always . . . a hurry. He drives . . . a tremendous speed.
23 When he began speaking . . . English, she looked . . . him . . . amazement.
24 Write . . . ink and put your name . . . the top of the page.
25 We start serving breakfasts . . . 7.30. Shall I send yours up . . . your room, or will you have it . . . the restaurant?
26 He's always . . . a bad temper . . . breakfast time.
27 According . . . the guidebook there are three hotels . . . the town.
28 The pilot climbed . . . 5,000 metres and flew . . . that height till he got . . . the coast. Then he came down . . . 1,000 metres and began to take photographs.
29 I'm interested . . . chess but I'm not very good . . . it.
30 Who is the girl . . . the blue dress, sitting . . . the head of the table?
31 I couldn't offer him a room . . . my flat because . . . that time my mother-in-law was staying with us.
32 The train stopped . . . all the stations, and long before we got . . .
London every seat was taken and people were standing . . . the corridors.
33 Shall we discuss it . . . my room, or shall I come . . . your office?
34 . . . my astonishment I was the only person . . . the bar. Everyone else had gone . . . the Casino.
35 The Loch Ness Monster is supposed to live . . . the bottom of the Loch and come . . . the surface from time . . . time.
36 You can't say that he lives . . . luxury. There's hardly any furniture . . . his room. He hasn't even got a desk to write ....
II. 109 Prepositions and prepositions/adverbs:
 at, by, in, into, of, off, on, out (of), to, under, with
Fill the gaps in the following sentences from the above list.
 I I'm going to Bath . . . Monday . . . Tom. Would you like to come . . . us?- Are you going . . . bus? -
 No, we're going . . . Tom's car.
 2 I saw him standing . . . the queue but I don't know whether he got . . . the bus or not.
 3 How do you go . . school? ~It depends . . the weather. . . wet days I go . . .tube; . .fine weather I gofoot.
 4 The car stopped . . . the traffic lights and wouldn't start again, so the driver got . . . and 
 pushed it . . . the side . . . the road.
 5 Someone threw a stone . . . the speaker. It hit him . . . the head and knocked his glasses....
 6 I want to post this . . . a friend . . . Italy. Will he have to pay duty ... it?
 7 According . . . Tom, it is impossible to live . . . Paris . . . less than £10,000 a year.
 8 Are you . . . your own (alone)? - No, I'm . . . a friend . . . mine.
 9 You ought to be ashamed . . . yourself for coming . . . my nice clean kitchen . . . muddy boots.
10 Children get presents . . . Christmas and . . . their birthdays.
11 How would we get ... ... {escape from) this room if the hotel were ... fire?
12 He arrived . . . London . . . 6 p.m. . . . a foggy November day. We often have fogs . . . November.
13 The man . . . his back . . . the camera is the Minister . . . Agriculture.
14 How do I get . . . the Public Library? ~Go . . . the end . . . this street and turn right; turn left . . . the next traffic lights and then take the second turning . . . your right. This will bring you . . . Brook Street, and you'll 
find the library . . . your left.
15 Alternatively you could get a 14 bus . . . this stop and ask the conductor to tell you 
 where to get . . . (alight).
16 The boy was leaning against the wall . . . his hands . . . his pockets.
 'Take your hands ... ... your pockets,' said his father sharply.
17 As she was getting . . . . . . the car one . . . her buttons fell ....
Although we were . . . a hurry she insisted . . . stopping to look for it.
18 Mr Jones is very keen . . . punctuality. His lessons start dead . . . time and you get . . . 
 terrible trouble if you're late.
19 The man . . . the pipe and red hair is the brother . . . the girl . . . blue. 
20 Don't leave your luggage . . . the corridor. It'll be . . . everyone's way. Bring it . . . the 
 compartment and put it . . . the rack.
21 He sits . . . his desk all day . . . his head . . . his hands. It gets . . . my nerves.
22 . . . mistake I opened Mary's letter instead . . . my own. She was very angry . . . me and 
 said that I'd done it . . . purpose.
23 I buy a newspaper . . . my way . . . the station and read it . . . the train. By the time I 
 get . . . London I've read most . . . it.
24 He was charged . . . driving while . . . the influence . . . alcohol.
25 People who drop litter . - . the pavements are liable . . . a fine . . . £50.
26 He accused me . . . selling secret information . . . the enemy.
27 You look worried. Are you . . . some sort . . . trouble?-Yes, . . . a way. I'm . . . debt and my creditors want to be paid . . . the end . . . the month, and . . . the moment I haven't any money . . . the bank.
28 The car skidded . . . the tree, the windscreen was smashed and the driver was cut . . . 
 the face . . . splinters . . . glass.
29 Four people were injured . . . the demonstration. Three . . . them are students . . . the 
 university, the fourth is here . . . holiday. That's him over there . . . his arm . . . plaster.
30 This picture was painted . . . Picasso; and there's another Picasso . . . the opposite wall.
31 The horse stopped suddenly and the rider fell . . . . He couldn't get . . . again without 
 help and there was no one . . . sight.
32 The children hastily changed . . . bathing things and jumped . . . the river . . . shouts of delight.
33 We'll have to go . . . car; we can't go . . . bus . . . account . . . the bus strike.
34 Divers breathing a mixture . . . helium and oxygen can work . . . a depth . . . 100 metres.
35 I'm tired . . . working . . . the suburbs and I've asked to be transferred . . . our central branch.
36 Can I have Monday . . . ? or Can I have a holiday . . . Monday? I want to go . . . my grandson's wedding.
Prepositions 
I. 110 Prepositions and prepositions/adverbs: at, by, during, for, from, 
 in, of, on, over, since, till, under, with
Insert suitable words, choosing them from the above list.
 1 I've lived . . . this street . . . ten years.
 2 He has lived . . . 101 Cornwall Gardens . . . 1966.
 3 . . . the age . . . 18 he was sent to prison . . . theft.
 4 He was . . . prison . . . two years. . . . that time he became interested . . . pigeons.
 5 There is a parcel of books . . . you . . . the table . . . the hall. ~
 Oh, they must be . . . my brother. He always sends me books . . . my birthday.
 6 We heard that Bill wasn't . . . arrest but was helping the police . . . their enquiries. The 
 police are interested . . . a bank robbery which took place . . . Bill's last holidays.
 7 Much Ado About Nothing is . . . Shakespeare, and you'll find more . . . his plays . . . the 
 bookcase . . . the corner.
 8 As the child was too young to travel . . . herself, they arranged . . . her to travel . . . the care . . . a friend of the family.
 9 Have you heard . . . John . . . his return? ~
 Yes, I had a letter . . . Monday. He's thinking . . . going back . . . America.
10 He was ill . . . a week and . . . that week his wife never left his side. 
11 Aren't you coming . . . us? ~
No, I'm waiting . . . Tom. ~
But he won't be ready . . . some time. ~
I'm not . . . a hurry. I'll wait till he's ready.
12 I'm very sorry . . . being late. It was good . . . you to wait . . . me.
13 Passengers may leave bulky articles . . . the stairs . . . the conductor's permission, but the bus company will not be responsible . . . such articles.
14 Remember to be . . . good time . . . the opera because if you're late they won't let you ... .... the end . . . the act. 
15 I want two seats . . . Romeo and Juliet . . . Friday night. 
16 . . . spite . . . the heat he refused to take . . . his coat.
17 He was wounded . . . the shoulder . . . a bullet fired . . . an upstairs window.
18 While . . . their way from the coast . . . the mountains they were attacked . . . a jaguar.
19 What platform does the train . . . York leave . . . ? ~ 
Platform 8, and you'd better hurry. It'll be leaving . . . a minute.
20 He invited me to dinner . . . his club and . . . the meal he asked me . . . advice about his investments.
21 He's not independent . . . any means. He depends . . . his father . . . everything.
22 He has a picture . . . Picasso (Picasso painted the picture) and he can't decide whether to hang it . . . the hall . . . the right as you come . . . or . . . the sitting room . . . the fireplace.
23 I'm tired . . . hearing about Tom and his Picasso. He can hang it . . his garage . . . all I care!
24 He said he was . . . debt and asked me . . . a loan . . . £50.
25 What's the cheapest way . . . getting . . . London . . . Edinburgh?-
Well, you could hitch hike there . . . next . . . nothing, or you could go . . . coach . . . about £20.
26 I was horrified . . . his appearance. He looked as if he hadn't slept ... weeks.
27 When he gets back . . . the office he expects his wife to meet him . . . the door . . . his slippers, and have a hot meal waiting . . . him. 
28 Yesterday the children went . . . a walk and didn't get back ... 10 p.m. Their mother was furious . . . them . . . coming in so late. 
29 Passengers who get ...or... a bus except . . . the official stops do so . . . their own risk.
30 The rows are lettered - . . A to T, beginning . . . the row nearest the stage. So if Tom is sitting . . . B26, and Jack is sitting . . . C26, Tom will be directly . . . front . . . Jack.
31 What's the best way . . . cooking a lobster? ~
Cook it . . . boiling salted water, and serve it cold . . . mayonnaise.
32 He was fined . . . parking his car . . . a no-parking area.
33 He opened the door . . . a rusty key and went down the steps . . . the cellar, followed by Bill . . . a torch.
34 The adults worked . . . 6 a.m. to 6 p.m., . . . an hour . . . lunch. Boys . . . 18 were not supposed to start . . . 8 a.m. (earlier than 8 a.m.)
35 He died . . . heart failure . . . Tuesday night. His wife is still suffering . . . shock.
36 The house is . . . fire! Send . . . the Fire Brigade!
II. 111 Prepositions and prepositions/