Các loại câu tán đồng (hưởng ứng) trong tiếng Anh

Cỏc loại cõu tỏn đồng (hưởng ứng)
9.1 Cõu tỏn đồng khẳng định
Khi muốn núi một người hoặc vật nào đú làm một việc gỡ đú và một người, vật khỏc cũng làm một việc như vậy, người ta dựng so hoặc too. Để trỏnh phải lặp lại cỏc từ của cõu trước (mệnh đề chớnh), người ta dựng liờn từ and và thờm một cõu đơn giản (mệnh đề phụ) cú sử dụng so hoặc too. í nghĩa của hai từ này cú nghĩa là “cũng thế”. 
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we did too.
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and so did we.
I will be in VN in May, and they will too.
I will be in VN in May, and so will they.
He has seen her play, and the girls have too.
He has seen her play, and so have the girls.
We are going to the movie tonight, and he is too.
We are going to the movie tonight, and so is he.
She will wear a custome to the party, and we will too.
She will wear a custome to the party, and so will we.
Picaso was a famous painter, and Rubens was too.
Picaso was a famous painter, and so was Rubens.
Tuỳ theo từ nào được dựng mà cấu trỳc cõu cú sự thay đổi:
1. Khi trong mệnh đề chớnh cú động từ be ở bất cứ thời nào thỡ trong mệnh đề phụ cũng dựng từ be ở thời đú.
 I am happy, and you are too.
I am happy, and so are you. 
2. Khi trong mệnh đề chớnh cú một cụm trợ động từ + động từ, vớ dụ will go, should do, has done, have written, must consider, ... thỡ cỏc trợ động từ trong mệnh đề đú được dựng lại trong mệnh đề phụ.
 They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too.
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you. 
3. Khi trong mệnh đề chớnh khụng phải là động từ be, cũng khụng cú trợ động từ, bạn phải dựng cỏc từ do, does, did làm trợ động từ thay thế. Thời và thể của trợ động từ này phải chia theo chủ ngữ của mệnh đề phụ. 
Jane goes to that school, and my sister does too.
Jane goes to that school, and so does my sister.
9.2 Cõu tỏn đồng phủ định
Cũng giống như too và so trong cõu khẳng định, để phụ hoạ một cõu phủ định, người ta dựng either hoặc neither. Hai từ này cú nghĩa “cũng khụng”. Ba quy tắc đối với trợ động từ, động từ be hoặc do, does, did cũng được ỏp dụng giống như trờn. Ta cũng cú thể gúi gọn 3 quy tắc đú vào một cụng thức như sau:
I didn't see Mary this morning, and John didn't either
I didn't see Mary this morning, and neither did John.
She won’t be going to the conference, and her friends won’t either.
She won’t be going to the conference, and neither will her friends.
John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and I haven’t either.
John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and neither have I.
I. Fill in the blanks with: so, too, either, neither.
1. He can't swim. _____ can I.
2. Nam and Ba are playing soccer and ____ is Minh. 
3. Hoa doesn't like pork and her uncle doesn't _____. 
4. They won't come to the meeting and _____ will we.
5. Jenny ate too much cake last night and I did, ______.
6. She phones her parents twice a week. __________ do I.
7. My sister doesn't like the red skirt and she doesn't like the green one _____. 
8. Jane loves dogs and she loves cats, _____.
II. Make sentences with so or neither.
A/ Ex: - I like beef, and ________ my sister 
 I like beef, and so does my sister.
 - They don't play soccer. _______ we.
 They don't play soccer. Neither do we.
1. I ate bread and eggs for breakfast, ____________I.
2. Hoa doesn't like pork, and ____________ her aunt.
3. Milk is good for your health, ____________ fruit juice.
4. I didn't see her at the party last night, ____________he.
5. These boys like playing soccer, and ____________ those boys.
6. My father won't go to Ha Noi, and ____________ my mother.
7. Nam can swim ____________Ba.
8. The spinach isn't fresh, ____________ the cabbages.
9. You should drink a lot of milk, and __________ your brother.
10. I don't know how to cook, ______ my sister.
B/ a) I eat a little in the morning, (they) So do they.
b) They don't like pork, ________________. (I) 
c) I eat bread for breakfast, ________________. (my sister)
d) He doesn't have big lunch, ________________. (they)
e) These vegetables aren't fresh, ________________. (those fruits)
f) We love apple juice, ________________. (our cousins)
g) Beans are very good for our health, ________________. (fresh fruits)
III. Make sentences with too or either.
Ex: - Hoa likes spinach, and her uncle ,
Hoa likes spinach, and her uncle does, too. 
- Hoa doesn't like durian. Her uncle ______
Hoa doesn't like durian. Her uncle doesn't either.
1. We often go swimming in the summer, and they ________________.
2. She can speak English very well. I ________________.
3. Nam didn't come to the party last night, and Minh ________________.
4. Hoa will buy some oranges and pineapples. I ________________.
5. They don't want to go out tonight, and we ________________.
6. The pineapples aren't ripe, and the bananas ________________.
7. Nam is hungry and his friends ________________.
8. Jane won't come. Peter ________________.
9. Hoa had a medical check-up yesterday morning. We ________________.
10. He can't swim and his brother ________________.
IV. Complete the sentences with so, too, either and neither.
 Hoa doesn't like pork.
Her uncle doesn't like pork, either. Neither does her uncle.
1. Hoa and Nga didn't go to the library and Nam _________.
2. My mother likes chocolates and _______ I.
3. Mr, Tarn will come to the party tonight and his wife ____________.
4. I'm not a teacher and _______ he.
5. He can speak Chinese. ______ I.
6. His father doesn't drink wine and _______ his brothers.
7. They like spinach and corn. So ________________ we./ We ________________.
8. I hate durian. My sister ________________./ ________________.
9. Those bananas aren't ripe.________________ these papayas./ ________________.
10. The fried fish is delicious. The chicken ________________./________________.
11. Deep fried food is not good. Junk food ________________./________________.
12. They don't eat a lot of meat. We ________________./________________.
V. Complete the following sentences with: do/ don't, does/ doesn't, did/ didn't.
Eg: My father doesn't like durian, but my mother does. 
 My friends went camping yesterday, but I didn't-.
1. Her friends bought picture books, but she _____. 
2. My mother didn't watch that movie, but I ____.
3. Hoa likes carrots, but her uncle _____.
4. I don't eat plenty of vegetables, but my sister ____.
5. We know how to use a computer, but they ______.
6. My father doesn't drink coffee, but my uncles_________.
7. His parents didn't eat spinach, but he _________.
8. Ba does exercises every morning, but Nam _________.
VI. Make sentences with too or either.
a) I am hungry. Hoa is hungry too. / Hoa is, too.
b) I am not thirsty. He ________________.
c) I like potatoes and peas and they ________________.
d) Nam doesn't like chicken and Hoa ________________.
e) They love papayas and we ________________.
f) These fruits aren't ripe and those fruits ________________.
VII. Dùng SO hoặc NEITHER để điền vào đoạn hội thoại giữa hai người trên một chuyến tàu hoả.
Tony : I don't come from Glasgow.
Nich : (1) ................................... . I'm from London.
Tony : (2)................................... . I'm going to a meeting.
Nick : (3) ............................ . You know, I had to get up at 6.30 this morning to catch this plane. Tony : (4) ................................... . I didn't enjoy that at all.
Nick : (5) ............................... . I wanted to have the meeting in London. 
Tony : (6) ...................... . I couldn't understand why they didn’t want a meeting in London
VIII. Correct mistakes.
1. They wish to speak to you. He is, too. 	__________
2. My father doesn't drink wine. His father doesn't, too.	 __________
3. They helped their father. So does she.	 __________
4. We bought a lot of fish. They did either. 	__________ 
5. You watch, too much TV. She does either. 	__________ 
6. They worry too much. So is Hoa. 	__________
7. Coffee is not good for your health. So is wine.	__________
8. Mr. Tam won't come to the party tonight. Neither do I	__________
I. Combine the following pairs of sentences into ones, using : so, too, either and neither.
1. Nam doesn't like durian. Hoa doesn't like durian.
________________________________________________.
2. They can play volleyball. We can play volleyball.
________________________________________________.
3. I write diary every night. My sister writes diary every night.
________________________________________________.
4. My father doesn't drink beer. My uncle doesn't drink beer.
________________________________________________.
5. She is learning English. I am learning English.
________________________________________________.
6. Hoa ate bread and beef for breakfast. Her uncle ate bread and beef for breakfast.
________________________________________________.
7. He didn't meet her last night. I didn't meet her last night.
________________________________________________.
8. I'm not a doctor. They aren't doctors.
________________________________________________.
9. Milk is good for your health. Orange juice is good for your health.
________________________________________________.
10. They mustn't stay up late. You mustn't stay up late.
________________________________________________.
11. Mr. Tarn won't come to the party tonight. His wife won't come to the party tonight.
________________________________________________.
12. She can swim very well. Her younger brother can swim very well.
________________________________________________.
13. I don’t like video games. My friends don’t like video games.
________________________________________________.
14. Martin eats bread and eggs for breakfast. His mother eats bread and eggs for breakfast
________________________________________________.
15. They didn’t eat papayas and we didn’t eat papayas.
________________________________________________.