Thì (TENSEs) 1. Simple present (Hiện tại đơn): Be-> am/ is/ are Have-> have/ has Khẳng định Phủ định Nghi vấn He/ she/ it + V-s/es I/ You/ We/ They + V He/ she/ it + doesn’t + V I/ You/ We/ They +don’t + V Does + he/ she/ it +V? Do + I/ you/ we/ they +V? Use: A. Diễn tả thói quen ở hiện tại: B. Diễn tả sự thật, chân lí Trạng từ thường gặp: never, sometimes, usually, often, always, as a rule, normally Ex: Mr Vy usually gets up at 4:40 a.m 2. Present continuous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn) S + am/ is/ are + Ving Use: A. Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra ở thời điểm nói B. Diễn tả dự định tương lai có mốc thời gian cụ thể. Trạng từ thường gặp: now, at present, at this moment, right now Ex: - I’m learning English now - My mother isn’t cooking lunch at this moment. 3. Present perfect (Hiện tại hoàn thành): S+ have/ has/ + PP khẳng định phủ định nghi vấn He/ She/ It + has + PP I/ You/ We/ They + have + PP He/ She/ It +hasn’t +PP I/ You/ We/ They + haven’t + PP Has + He/ She/ It + PP? Have + I/ You/ We/ They + PP? Use: A. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại B. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ để lại kết quả ở hiện tại C. Diễn tả kinh nghiệm Trạng từ thường gặp: never, just, ever, recently, already, yet, lately, for, since, so far. Ex: - They have just built a hospital in this area 4. Simple past (Quá khứ đơn) Be-> was/ were * Have/ has-> had khẳng định phủ định nghi vấn S + V-ed/V2 S + didn’t + V Did + S + V? Use: Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ. Trạng từ thường gặp: yestersay, ago, last. Ex: - I went to Hue three day ago. 5. Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn): S+ was/ were + Ving Use: Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm quá khứ Ex: - I was watching TV at 5 p.m yesterday. 6. Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành) S+ had + PP Use: Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và hoàn thành trước 1 hành động khác ở quá khứ. Trạng từ thường gặp: after, before 7. Simple future (tương lai đơn): khẳng định phủ định nghi vấn S + will + V1 S + won’t + V1 Will + S + V1? Use: Diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai . Trạng từ thường gặp: Tomorrow, next. Ex: - Will you go to university after you finish school? Exercise I: Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous tense. 1/ I (have) __________ coffee for breakfast every day. 2/ The student (look) ___________ up that new word now. 3/ We (do) __________ this exercise at the moment. 4/ My mother (cook) ___________ some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook)_______ in the mornings. 5/ It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now. 6/ Bad students never (work) __________ hard. 7/ He generally (sing) ________ in English, but today he (sing) ________ in Spanish. Exercise II: Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense. 1/ We (watch) __________ a good programme on TV last night. 2/ He (read) __________ that novel many times before. 3/ He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning. 4/ I (have) __________ a little trouble with my car last week. 5/ However, I (have) __________ no trouble with my car since then. 6/ I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago. 7/ I (meet) __________ Mary last night. She (become) __________ a very big girl. Exercise III: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense. 1/ He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him. 2/ When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________. 3/ The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea. 4/ When it (rain) __________, she(carry) __________ an umbrella. 5/ We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain. Exercise IV: Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future tense. 1/ We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________. 2/ I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me. 3/ He (tell) __________ you when you (ask) __________ him. 4/ I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten. 5/ Miss Helen (help) __________ you as soon as she (finish) ________ that letter. Exercise V: Supply the correct tense. 1/ They (just decide) __________ that they (undertake) ___________ the job. 2/ We (go) ___________ to the theatre last night. 3/ He usually (write) __________ in green ink. 4/ She (play) _________ the piano when our guests (arrive) _________ last night. 5/ We (do) __________ an English exercise at the moment. 6/ Where (you go) __________ for your holiday last year ? 7/ I (not leave) ________ Paris since we (go) _______ to Dieppe three years ago. 8/ My mother (come) __________ to stay with us next weekend. 9/ I (never see) __________ snow. 10/ Violets (bloom) __________ in spring. 11/ We (not live) ___________ in England for the last two months. 12/ Whenever you (go) _________ to town nowadays, you (spend) _________ a lot of money. 13/ They (prepare) __________ the Christmas dinner today. 14/ When I last (stay) ___________ in Cairo, I (ride) __________ to the Pyramids on a camel that my friend (borrow) ____________ the day before. 15/ I (finish) ___________ the book before my next birthday. 16/ He (walk) __________ very quickly when I (meet) __________ him yesterday. 17/ We (meet) _________ you tomorrow after you (finish) __________ your work. 18/ Yesterday I (buy) ________ a new watch as my old one (be) _________ stolen.
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