Bài tập và ngữ pháp về Câu gián tiếp Tiếng anh lớp 8

Trực tiếp - Gián tiếp
(Trong tiếng Anh)
 Chuyển đổi từ một câu trực tiếp sang một câu gián tiếp.
_Khi chuyển ta cần chú ý đến một số thay đổi sau:
 + Trạng từ;trạng ngữ;thời:
Here
There
This/These + N(tg)
That/Those + N(tg)
Now
Then
This/These + N(#)
The + N(#) hoặc
That/Those + N(#)
Today
That day
This/These (pro)
It/They/them
Tonight
That night
Will
Would
Tomorrow
The next day/
The following day
Can
Could
The day after tomorrow
In two days’ time
May
Might
Next week/month...
The following week/month...
Must
Had to
Ago
Before
Should
Should
Yesterday
The day before/
The previous day
Had better
Had better
The day before yesterday
Two days before
Ought to
Ought to
Last week/month...
The previous week/month...
Used to
Used to
Last night
The night before
Eg:
“I phoned him this morning,” she said
	She said that she had phoned him that morning
 “I like this cake” he said
	He said that he liked the/that cake
 “We will discuss this tomorrow,” he said
	He said that they would discuss it the next day
 “You had better work harder,” She said
	She said that I had better work harder
	She advised me to work harder
* Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn có thể không đổi hoặc đổi sang một dạng hoàn toàn khác tuỳ thuộc vào tình huống
Eg:- “I will visit her tomorrow,” He said
 He said that he would visit her tomorrow (Cả câu trực tiếp và gián tiếp cùng đc nói trong một ngày)
 - “I have lived here for 5 years” He said
 He said that he had lived here for 5 years (Cả câu TT và GT cùng đc nói tại một địa điểm)
 He said that he had lived in Yen Cuong for 5 years (Người nói muốn cụ thể hơn địa điểm này)
* Ngoài ra, ta còn có thể thay đổi những từ ngữ khác tuỳ thuộc vào tình huống
Eg:A nói với B: “I hate your friends,” 
 B kể lại cho bạn của mình: He said that he hated you 
 - Những thay đổi về thì khi chuyển sang câu gián tiếp
HTĐG
“I live here” he said 
QKĐG
He said he lived there
HTTD
“I am watching TV” he said
QKTD
He said he was watching TV
HTHT
“I have known her” he said
QKHT
He said he had known her
QKĐG
“Ann arrived on Monday” she said
QKHT/QKĐG
She said Ann (had) arrived on Monday
QKTD
“I was cleaning my house all day yesterday” he said 
QKHTTD/QKTD
He said he had been cleaning the house all day
Will/Shall
Would
- Thì của MĐ sau wish, câu đk loại II , đk loại III không đổi
Eg: - “We wish we didn’t have to take exams,” said the children
	The children said that they wished they didn’t have to take exams
 - “If I had much money, I would visit Thailand,” said he
	He said that if he had much money, he would visit Thailand
 + Một số loại câu:
* Câu khẳng định hoặc phủ định thì ta chuyển bình thường, đổi thời,trạng ngữ,chủ ngữ cho hợp với tình huống,nếu không thuộc những trường hợp đặc biệt.
ví dụ:
1. “I must go now,” He said.
 _He said (that) he had to go then. 
2. “I am from China,” She said.
 _She said (that) she was from China.
* Câu hỏi dạng đảo : sử dụng mẫu,
 	 S + asked + smo + if/whether + S +V
ví dụ:
1.“Is it far from Ha Noi?” Nhi asked Nga.
 _Nhi asked Nga if it was far from Ha Noi .
2. “Do you want to visit Ha Long Bay, Nga?” I said.
 _I asked Nga if she wanted to visit Ha Long Bay.
* Câu hỏi có (WH): “WH + trợ động từ + S + V + O...?” S + said/asked.
S + asked + Smo + WH + S +V
ví dụ:
1.“ How long are you staying here,Nga?” asked Nam.
 _Nam asked Nga how long she was staying there.
2.“What country do you come from?” said Bill.
 _Bill asked what country I came from .
* Câu mệnh lệnh : “V + O... ,please.” Smo said./ “Don|t + V + O...,Please.” Smo said.
S + told/asked/requested + Smo +( not )+ to do Smt.
ví dụ:
1.“Please give this book to Ba.” Nam said to me.
 _Nam told/ asked me to give that book to Ba.
2.“Don|t close the window .” he said to me.
 _He told/ asked me not to close the window.
* Câu đề nghị : “Can/Could you...?
 S + told/asked + Smo + to do Smt.
ví dụ:
1.“ Can you give this book to Hoa?” Nam said to me.
 _Nam told me to give that book to Hoa.
2.“Could you give me some more money?”He said to his mother.
 _He asked his mother to give him some more money. 
* Câu “ Let|s + động từ ...” S + said.
S + suggested + doing Smt
ví dụ:
1.“Let|s go to the zoo by bike” he said.
 _He suggested going to the zoo by bike.
2.“Let|s use fewer plastic bags.”he said.
 _He suggested using fewer plastic bags.
* Câu “Why don|t you + động từ ?” S + said.
S + suggested +(Smo + that )+ Smo + should + động từ 
ví dụ:
1.“Why don|t you practise English everyday ?” Hoa said to Nga.
 _Hoa suggested Nga should practise English everyday.
* Câu “Would you like to do smt?” S + said to/asked smo.
S + invited + Smo + to do smt
ví dụ:
1.“Would you like to go to the movies with me?” he asked me.
 _He invited me to go to the movies with him.
* Câu khuyên nhủ : “You|d better (not) + động từ ” S + said (to smo).
S + advised + Smo + (not) to do Smt
ví dụ:
1.“ You had better not lend him any more money,Nga” Hoa said.
 _Hoa advised Nga not to lend him any more money.
I. Turn the following sentences into reported speech.
“Please lend me your dictionary,” I said to Hoa.
 I told 
“Can you help me with my homework?”Minh said to her sister.
 Minh asked 
“You should practice speaking English every day,” the teacher said to the students.
The teacher said .. 
“Don’t throw that old bike away,” he said to me.
He told me ..
“I will go to Hue tomorrow,” he said to his wife.
He said 
“I am sorry I must leave you now,” he said to his girlfriend.
He said 
“Do you want to visit Great Wall of China?” Nam said to Tam.
Nam asked Tam ..
“Will you free tomorrow morning?” I said to Lan.
I asked Lan ..
“Is there any restaurant near here?” he said to me.
He asked .
“Is Petronas Twin Tower in Malaysia the highest building in the world?” I asked, “Yes, it is” Hoa answered me.
I asked .
I. Turn the following sentences into reported speech.
“Can you speak English?” she said to Minh.
She asked .
“Are you going to leave tomorrow?” my friend said.
My friend asked 
“What will you do tomorrow? She said.
She asked ..
“Where are you going now?” my mother said.
My mother asked ..
“How many students are there in your class?” she said.
She asked ..
“Would you like to go fishing with me?” he said.
He invited me 
“Why don’t we go by bike?” he said.
He suggested 
“Let’s go to the zoo by bike.” He said.
He suggested 
“Send me a postcard when you arrive in Paris.” I said to Lan.
I told Lan .
“Don’t go out at night,” he said to me.
He told me ...
Dạng bài cõu trực tiếp- giỏn tiếp
 ( Direct and reported speech)
I) Complete the following sentences by using reported speech.
( Hoàn thành cỏc cõu sau sử dụng lời núi giỏn tiếp (cõu tường thuật)
1. Nam said: “ I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”.
đ Nam said (that) he	
2. Thu said :” All the students will have a meeting next week”.
đ Thu said (that) 	
3. Phong said : “ My parents are very proud of my good marks”.
đ Phong said (that) 	
4. Lan said to Tam: “ You should stay at home and do the homework”.
đ Lan told Tam (that) 	
5. Lien said to her brother, “ You ought to clean your room”.
đ Lien told to her brother (that) 	
6. The teacher said, “All the homework must be done carefully”.
đ The teacher said (that)	
7. Tam said, “ I could swim across the river”.
đ Tam said (that)	
8. Her father said to her: “You can go to the movie with your friend”.
đ Her father said (that)
9. Hoa said: “I may visit my parents in summer”.
đ Hoa said (that)	
10. The students said: “we should finish our work before going out for lunch”.
đ The students said (that)	
11. The teacher said: “We can collect old books for the poor students”.
đ The teacher said (that)	
12. She said: “She doesn’t buy this book”.
đ She said (that)	
13. The boys said “ We have to try our best to win the match”.
đ The boys said (that)	
14. Her mother told her “ You ought to wash and iron your own clothes”
đ Her mother said (that)	
15. My teacher told me “You should read these books”.
đ My teacher said (that)	
16. Her classmate said “Lan is the most intelligent girl in our class”.
đ Her classmate said (that)	
17. They told us “Our friends will get the award for their highest scores”.
đ They told us (that)	
18. He said “ I will go to school by bus tomorrow”.
đ He said (that)	
19. My grandparents told me “We will travel around the world by plane”.
đ My grandparents said (that)	
20. Phong said “I need to learn more vocabulary”.
đ Phong said (that)	
21. Lan said “I have to do more grammar exercise”.
đ Lan said (that)	
22. Tinh told Lien “You may go shopping with your friends”.
đ Tinh said (that)	
23. The girls said “We ought to finish our homework tonight”.
đ The girls said (that)	
24. The leader of the group said “We’ll play with our best to win the prize for our school”.
đ The leader of the group said (that)	
25. His brother told him “You can use my computer today”.
đ His brother said (that)	
26. The coach told the players “ You have to train harder for the next match”.
đ The coach said (that)	
27. Tam’s sister told him “ You ought to help me to clean the house”.
đ Tam’s sister said (that)	
28. Hoa’s parents said “We’ll visit you this summer”.
đ Hoa’s parents said (that)	
29. Mai said, “I cannot go to the movies with you, Nam”.
đ Mai said (that)	
30. “ I will expect to see you next Wednesday”, Mary said to her friend.
đ Mary told to her friend (that)	
II) Rewrite these Wh- questions in reported speech.
( Viết lại cỏc cõu hỏi sau sử dụng lời núi giỏn tiếp)
1. “Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me.
đ The teacher	
2. “ How far is it from HCM city to Vung Tau?” A tourist asked.
đ A tourist 	
3. “How long will you stay in England?” Tam’s friend asked him.
đ Tam’s friend 	
4. “How many people are there in your family?” She asked Lan.
đ She asked	
5. “What’s your hobby?” The teacher asked Lien.
đ The teacher 	
6. “Why do you collect waste paper?” She asked Ba.
đ She 	
7. “When will you visit Hanoi?” Hoa asked her parents.
đ Hoa	
8. “What language do you speak?” Mrs Brown asked Thu.
đ Mrs Brown	
9. “What time do schools begin?” He asked Mrs Brown.
đ He 	
10. “How do you go to the airport?” His friend asked him.
đ His friend	
11. “Where do you learn English?” She asked Lan.
đ She	
12. “What do they save paper for?” Lien asked Ba.
đ Lien	
13. “How much does this dress cost?” Lan asked Lien.
đ Lan	
14. “How often do you wash your clothes?” Ba asked Tam.
đ Ba	
15. “How do your children enjoy the trip?” She asked Mrs Lam.
đ She	
16. “What kind of books do you read?” Thu asked Huong.
đ Thu 
17. “What television program do you like best?” She asked me.
đ She 	
18. “What aspect of learning English do the students find most difficult?” The teacher asked me.
đ The teacher 	
19. “Where can you buy the new cartoon?” Lan asked Thu.
đ Lan	
20. “When will your father leave Vietnam for the USA?” Phong asked Lan.
đ Phong	
21. “What do you think about leaning language?” Ba asked his teacher.
đ Ba	
22. “How many books do the students need?” The librarian asked my teacher.
đ The librarian	
23. “What size of shoes do you want, Madam?” The salesman asked my mother.
đ The salesman	
24. “How do people learn languages in general?” Ba asked Mr Brown.
đ Ba	
25. “How much bread do you need?” The baker asked Thu.
đ The baker	
26. “What will they make for their mother on Mother’s Day?” Thu asked Hoa.
đ Thu 	
27. “When do your children go swimming?” She asked Mrs Brown.
đ She	
28. “Whom can we ask for advice?” They asked their teacher.
đ They	
29. “Why is she crying?” Thu asked Hoa.
đ Thu	
30. “What should we do to help the victims of the blood?” The teacher asked the students.
đ The teacher	
III) Rewrite the following Yes- No questions in reported speech.
(Viết lại cỏc cõu hỏi nghi vấn sau sử dụng lời núi giỏn tiếp)
1. “Do you enjoy reading books?” Phong asked Peter.
đ Phong asked	
2. “Does she like sports?” Hoa asked Lan.
đ Hoa asked	
3. “Does Hoa play badminton?” Lan asked Thu.
đ Lan asked	
4. “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam.
đ She asked	
5. “Do the children perform on television?” Her mother asked her teacher.
đ Her mother asked	
6. “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom.
đ She asked	
7. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend.
đ He asked	
8. “Do you travel to school by bus?” Tam asked Peter.
đ Tam asked	
9. “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan.
đ Tuan asked	
10. “Do you need an umbrella to go out?” She asked me.
đ She asked	
11. “Does Lan’s mother work for a bank?” Thu asked Long.
đ Thu asked	
12. “Do the students know something about their new English teacher?” Phong asked Tuan.
đ Phong asked	
13. “Does Phong’s father work in a hospital?” Thu asked Ba.
đ Thu asked	
14. “Does our teacher ask us to clean up the room?” Phong asked Lam.
đ Phong asked	
15. “Can you speak Chinese?” She asked me.
đ She asked	
16, “Will she be here for five days?” Tam asked Thu.
đ Tam asked	
17. “Should we keep our room warm?” Lan asked her teacher.
đ Lan asked	
18. “Do they need some help?” she asked her husband.
đ She asked	
19. “May I have a look at your pictures?” Lan asked Hoa.
đ Lan asked	
20. “Can these athletes swim across the river?” Phong asked Ba.
đ Phong asked	
21. “Will our class take part in that competition?” Lam asked Lan.
đ Lam asked	
22. “Can you buy me some soap on the way home?” My mother asked my brother.
đ My mother asked	
23. “Do you see somebody using my book?” Lan asked Thu.
đ Lan asked	
24. “Will the students in grade 9 have their final exam in May?” Phong asked his teacher.
đ Phong asked	
25. “May I use your dictionary for a moment?” Mai asked Hoa.
đ Mai aksed 	 
“Will you go to Ha Noi next month?” I asked them.
I asked 
“Is there any information about the flight to Ha Noi” I asked Mr. Hoang.
I asked Mr.Hoang 
He said "I can fix the pipes.” 
He...................................................................................................................
‘Where are you going next weekend?” An said to Hanh.
An asked.
“Is the Golden Gate Bridge in san Francisco?” Hoa said to Tim.
Hoa asked Tim.
“Would you like to join me for lunch?” Anna said to Mike.
Anna invited Mike..
“We like this place” the tourists said
The tourists said
“I will give you my phone number so that you can call me” Jane said to me.
Jane told me.
“Can you work no Monday?” John said to Susan.
John asked Susan
“We are waiting for the school bus,” said the children.
The children said.
“Don’t throw things away.” Miss Linda said to the students.
Miss Linda asked.
“Please send an ambulance to Quang Trung School,” Lan said to the nurse.
Lan asked
“Don’t walk on the glass,” the gardener said to us.
The gardener. 
“Turn off all the lights when you go out” Hoa said to Tim.
Jane.
“You should take more exercises, Mr. John” the doctor said.
The doctor..
“I sometimes work on Sunday” Huong said.
Huong said.
“Do many tourists visit Phong Nha Cave every year, Lan?” Mai asked.
Mai asked Lan..
Revision
I. Rewrite these sentences
A. Example: My school has 15 classrooms. => There are 15 classrooms in my school
1. Mary is too young to cycle to school. => Mary isn’t..
2. I received some money from my aunt this morning. => My aunt
3. How lovely the dress is! => What
4. it takes Mai two hours to do his homework every day. => Mai spends
5. What is your grandmother’s age? => How..
	B. 
1. Who does this shoe belong to? (Owner) 
who..this shoe?
2. We had a lot of friends when we lived in the country. (Have)
	Wefriends when we lived in the countryside
3. You should look after the pet dog carefully. (Care)
	You..the pet dog carefully
4. July 1st is my birthday. (Born)
	I.July 1st
5. Miss Oanh rides a motorbike to school every day. (Gets)
Miss Oanh..every day
6. Chau couldn’t lift the box because he was weak. (Of)
	Because., Chau couldn’t lift the box
7. How about buying another armchair? (Buy)
	Let’s..armchair
8. The front yard is too small to pay football in. (Large)
	The front yard.play football in
9. What is your father’s age? (Old)
	How..father?
10. In spite of having different characters, we are close friends. (Although)
	We are close friends..characters 
	C. 
1. We were late for school because of the heavy rain.
	Because.
2. The ladder is too short to reach the window.
	The ladder isn’t
3. Is it necessary for me to clean this table.
	Do I ...
4. Riding bicycle so fast is dangerous.
	It’s..
5. When I was small my family lived in Kim Son.
	My family used.
6. They won’t be able to come on Sunday.
	It will be.
7. We arrived too late to see the first film.
	We didn’t...
8. When is John and Mary’s wedding?
	When are
9. He remembered, and so did she.
	He didn’t
10. Would you mind not smoking in here?
	I’d rather
B) Fill in the blanks with PRESENT CONTINUOUS or SIMPLE PRESENT:
The children .. (play) outside now.
She usually . (read) the newspaper in the morning.
I  (do) my homework now.
I  (eat) my dinner now.
. (you / want) a pizza?
They .. (watch) TV now.
I . (not / like) spaghetti.
The baby . (sleep) now.
My mother usually . (cook) dinner in the evening.
He .. (write) a letter to his pen-friend every month.
She . (not / like) football.
Mary .. (listen) to music now.
Tom usually (drink) coffee, but he . (drink) tea now.
We . (go) to the disco tonight.
 (he / go) to work by bus everyday.
F) Complete the sentences with SIMPLE PRESENT or PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
1, Susan usually . (go) to school by bus, but now she .. (go) to school by train.
2, Mary often .. (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she . (not / read).
3, The boys usually  (ride) their bikes to school. They  (like / ride) their bikes. They  (be) very naughty boys. They always  (go) to school late. Today their teacher . (be) very angry, because they  (be) late again.
4, Mary .. (like / eat) sweets. Every morning she . (have) coffee with a lot of sweets and chocolate. For lunch she and her friends often .. (eat) sweets or ice-cream. She  (not / like / eat) fruit or vegetables. She  (eat / never) eggs or cheese. Today she .. (be) sick. She  (sleep) in her room now.
J) Use the CORRECT TENSE:
Look! Jane  (sing) again. She often .. (sing) this song.
My father (have) a lot of work to do every weekend. 
The girls .. (not / talk) now. All of them  (watch) a film.
 you .. (like) watching TV?
He .. (usually / go) at 9:00 o’clock, but this morning he .. (leave) home late.
I . (visit) my grandparents every Friday. My sister . (often / visit) them.
The boys .. (swim) in the pool now but they  (usually / swim) in the sea.
She .(write) a letter to her pen-friend at the moment.
They .. (sometimes / have) lunch at work, but today they . (have) at a restaurant.
She can’t talk to you. She . (have) a shower.
“Where  Alex  (live)?“In France.”
Tom  (like / ride) a horse in his free times.
The children  (play) the piano and  (sing) a song at the moment.
My mother . (always / cook) in the morning.
What  (you / usually / do) at weekends?
Jane  (give) a party today because it  (be) her birthday.
The lesson  (start) at 9 o’clock every morning.
Adam is in his room now. He . (write) a letter to his pen-friend. He .. (always / write) him a letter.
Complete the man’s statement with the PAST SIMPLE form of the verbs in brackets:
Last night I  (go) to my favorite restaurant in West Street. I .. (leave) the restaurant at about 11 o’clock. It .. (be) a warm evening and I .. (decide) to walk along the beach.
Suddenly, I  (hear) a noise. I .. (turn) and  (see) three boys aged about eighteen. One boy  (come) up to me and .. (ask) me the time. When I . (look) down at my watch, he  (hit) me and I  (fall) to the ground. Another boy . (take) my wallet. I .. (shout) for help.