§éng tõ to be / C¸ch chia ®éng tõ To be I. C¸c ng«i trong tiÕng Anh: TiÕng Anh cã 3 ng«i: ( cã 7 ®¹i tõ nh©n xng lµm chñ ng÷) Ng«i thø nhÊt: I/ we – chØ ngêi ®ang nãi hay chØ chÝnh m×nh. Eg: I am a teacher. Ng«i thø hai: you – chØ ngêi ®ang nghe hay ®ang nãi chuyÖn trùc tiÕp víi m×nh. Eg: You are students. Ng«i thø 3: she/ he/ it/ they – chØ ngêi hay vËt ®îc nãi ®Õn. Eg: She is my teacher. Cô thÓ: Ng«i Sè Ýt Sè nhiÒu Thø nhÊt I We Thø hai You You Thø ba He/ she/ it They II. §éng tõ to be / C¸ch chia ®éng tõ to be §éng tõ “to be” lµ 1 ®.t c¬ b¶n trong tiÕng Anh. §.t “to be” ®îc chia kh¸c nhau khi ®i víi c¸c ng«i kh¸c nhau. ë th× HT ®.t “to be” cã 3 d¹ng (am/ is/ are) ®îc chia cô thÓ nh sau: Ng«i Sè Ýt To be Sè nhiÒu To be Thø nhÊt I am We are Thø hai You are You are Thø ba He/ she/ it is They are Ä Lưu ý + Động từ To be “is” dùng cho ngôi số 3 số ít. + Động từ To be “are” dùng cho ngôi số nhiều. III. C¸c chñ ®iÓm ng÷ ph¸p trong Unit 1. 1. C¸ch chµo hái Hi/ Hello Good morning/ afternoon.................. 2. C¸ch giíi thiÖu tªn m×nh: My name is............./ I am ............... 3. C¸ch hái th¨m søc khoÎ: How are you? – I am fine/ well/ tired/ so so. 4. C¸ch hái tªn, tuæi cña b¹n: What is your name? – My name is .......... How old are you? - I’m + tuæi (years old). 5. C¸ch giíi thiÖu tªn ngêi kh¸c This/ That is .............. He is....... She is...... They are.......... Exercises I. Điền đại từ nhân xưng cho các ngôi sau: 1. Thu and Lan are students. 2. My father and I are teachers. 3. My book is here. 4. His pencils are there. 5. Are you and Nam students? II. Complete the following statements as the model; Ex: morning / I / Tam / this / Mai Good afternoon. I’m Tam. This is Mai. 1. afternoon / name / Peter / this / Mary. 2. Hi / I / Jane / this / David. 3. evening / Long / this / Vinh. 4. Hello / Nobita / this / Suka. 5. morning / name / Hai / this / Hung. III. Fill in each gap with a suitable word to complete the following dialogue. 1) Minh: ______evening, Van. Van: Hi, Minh. _____ _____ you? Minh: _____ _____ fine, thank _____. _____ ______ ? Van: Fine, ______. Goodbye. Minh: ______. 2) Mai: Good_______, _______Cuong. Mr Cuong: Good morning , Mai. Mai: Mr. Cuong, _____ _____ Trang. Mr. Cuong: ______, Trang. How _____ ______ you? Trang: _____eleven_____ ______. IV. Complete the following statements as the model: Ex: I / 6 / old / how / I / 7. S1: I’m six years old. How old are you? S2: I am seven. 1. I / 9 / old / how / I / 12. 2. We / 14 / old / how / I / 8. 3. I / 16 / old / how / I / 20. 4. I / 19 / old / how / we / 17. 5. We / 5 / old / how / we / 11. V. Give the questions for these answers. 1. _____________________? I am fine , thanks. 2. _____________________? My name is Mr.Brown. 3. _____________________? I ‘m ten years old. 4. _____________________? We are fine, thgank you. VI. Put the words and sentence marks in the correct order to make a complete sentence. 1. thank / are / you / fine / , / we /. 2. old / I / years / fourteen / am /. 3. today / how / ? / you / are /. 4. is / name / you / ? / . / my / and / Tom /. 5. this / evening / Miss / , / Hung / good / . / Hoa / is / . VII. Translate into English . 1. Chµo b¹n Lan . H«m nay b¹n cã khoÎ kh«ng? 2. M×nh khoÎ, c¶m ¬n b¹n. Cßn b¹n th× sao? 3. Chµo c« Mai, chóc c« mét buæi s¸ng tèt lµnh. Em tªn lµ Hoa. 4. Tªn cña m×nh lµ Trung vµ ®©y lµ Nga. 5. M×nh 13 tuæi cßn b¹n bao nhiªu tuæi? §éng tõ to be / C¸ch chia ®éng tõ To be (tiÕp) C¸ch dïng cña to be §.t “to be” cã nghÜa: lµ, th×, ë (tuú theo cÊu tróc c©u). Nã ®îc dïng ®Ó: Giíi thiÖu tªn, tuæi, nghÒ nghiÖp. Eg: My name is Lan. I am a teacher. Nãi vÒ vÞ trÝ cña ngêi, vËt. Eg: The book is on the table. She is in the living room. Dïng kÌm víi tÝnh tõ ®Ó chØ phÈm chÊt, ®Æc ®iÓm, tÝch c¸ch, tÝnh chÊt cña ngêi hay cña vËt. Eg: My sister is very beutiful. This book is good. Dïng trong cÊu tróc “ There is/ there are........” ®Ó chØ sù cã mÆt cña ngêi hay vËt ë mét vÞ trÝ nµo ®ã. Eg: There is a book on the table. There are ten tables in my classroom. CÊu tróc c©u víi to be. (+) C©u kh¼ng ®Þnh: S + be + N/ adj. Eg: I am a student. She is a teacher. (-) C©u phñ ®Þnh: Thªm “not” vµo ngay sau ®.t “to be”: S + be + not + N/ adj. Eg: I am not a student. She is not a teacher. (?) C©u nghi vÊn: ( c©u hái d¹ng ®¶o) §¶o ®.t “to be” lªn tríc chñ ng÷. Be + S + N/ adj? – Yes, S + be/ No, S + benot. Eg: Are you a student? – Yes, I am. Is she a student? – No, she isn’t. C¸c chñ ®iÓm ng÷ ph¸p trong Unit 2. C¸ch dïng ®¹i tõ chØ ®inh “This/ that, these/ those”. This/ that: ®îc dïng ®Ó chØ vËt sè Ýt. Eg: (+) This is a/ my book. That is my class. (?) Is this your book? – Yes, it is. (?) Is that your pen? – No, it isn’t. These/ those ®îc dïng ®Ó chØ vËt sè nhiÒu. Eg: (+) These are my books. Those are the windows. (?) Are these your books? – Yes, they are. Are those your pens? No, they aren’t. C¸ch hái vµ tr¶ lêi vÒ tªn cña ®å vËt. What is this/ that? – It’s a/ an + N. What are these/ those? – They are + Ns. C¸ch hái vµ tr¶ lêi vÒ n¬i ë cña b¹n em. Where do you live? I live in/ on/ at ............... Note: at – dïng víi sè nhµ. on – dïng víi tªn ®êng phè. in – dïng víi nh÷ng n¬i cßn l¹i ( nhµ, th«n, x·, huyÖn, tØnh....) Eg: I live in Tan Yen. Exercises. Ex I. §iÒn vµo chç trèng víi d¹ng ®óng cña ®.t “to be” 1. This ________ Mr. Hung. 1. I __________ Lan. 3. We ________ students. 4. Lan and Hoa ________ my friends. 5. My father ________ very strict. 6. Minh _______ a good student. 7. My pens _______ very nice. 8. ________ they your books? – Yes, they ______. 9. How ______ you? 10. What ______ your name? Ex II. ChuyÓn c¸c c©u sau sang c©u phñ ®Þnh. 1. You are in grade 6. 2. It is Monday today. 3. My ruler is old. 4. He is a doctor. 5. There are many books on the bookshelf. Ex III. Hỏi và trả lời các câu hỏi sau: 1. What is that? à __________________ table. 2. Where do you live? à _________________ Ha Noi. 3. What are those? à __________________ pens. 4. Is that your bag? à Yes. _______________ . 5. What is this? à __________________ eraser. Ex IV. Ghép câu ở cột A với cột B: A B 1. How are you? 2. What’s that? 3. Where do you live? 4. How old is Lan? 5. Is that your pencil? 6. How do you spell it? 7. What’s his name? 8. Who is this? A. I live on Nguyeãn Traõi street. B. Yes. That is my pencil. C. His name is Phong. D. I’m fine. E. She is eleven. F. This is my sister. G. It’s a stereo. H. M-A-I. Ex V. S¾p xÕp c¸c tõ x¸o trén thµnh c©u hoµn chØnh. 1. pen / an / that / a / eraser / or / is? 2. house / street / in / we / Thong Nhat / live / on / a. 3. your / do / name / spell / you / how . 4. down / book / and / open / sit / your. 5. teacher / name / am / Nobel / my/ I / is / a / and. Đại từ nhân xưng / Tính từ sở hữu I. §¹i tõ nh©n xng vµ tÝnh tõ së h÷u. Cã 7 §TNX trong tiÕng Anh ( I, We, you, he, she, it, they) ®îc dïng lµm chñ ng÷ trong c©u. NÕu c©u hái s/d ng«i thø hai “You” th× c©u tr¶ lêi s/d ng«i thø nhÊt “I/We” vµ ngîc l¹i, cßn ng«i thø ba th× hái b»ng chñ ng÷ nµo tr¶ lêi b»ng chñ ng÷ Êy. Cã 7 tÝnh tõ së h÷u t¬ng øng. TÝnh tõ s¬ h÷u lµ tõ ®øng tríc danh tõ cho biÕt danh tõ ®ã (ngêi hay vËt) thuéc vÒ ai. TÝnh tõ së h÷u ph¶i phï hîp víi chñ së h÷u. Eg: We like our teacher very much. He is living with his mother. TÝnh tõ së h÷u ko ®øng ®ù¬c mét m×nh mµ lu«n ®i kÌm víi danh tõ, tÝnh tõ së h÷u ko thay ®æi dï nã ®i víi d.tõ sè Ýt hay d.tõ sè nhiÒu. Eg: my book (s¸ch cña t«i) -> my books (nh÷ng quyÓn s¸ch cña t«i). My book is on the table. -> My books are on the table. Cô thÓ: §¹i tõ nh©n xng TÝnh tõ së h÷u NghÜa I My cña t«i We Our cña chóng t«i You Your cña b¹n, cña c¸c b¹n He His cña cËu Êy She Her cña c« Êy It Its cña nã They Their cña hä I. C¸c cÊu tróc c©u ®· häc. 1. C¸ch hái tªn. What + be + ttsh + name? Ttsh + name + be + tªn. Eg: What is your name? My name is Nam. What is his name? – His name is Minh. 2. C¸ch hái tuæi: How old + be + S? S + be + sè tuæi + (years old). Eg: How old are you? – I am eleven years old. How old is she? – She is fifteen years old. 3. D¹ng sè nhiÒu cña danh tõ. Th«ng thêng ta thªm “s” vµo ngay sau d.tõ sè Ýt. Eg: a pen -> pens; a table -> tables; ..... Víi nh÷ng d.tõ sè Ýt tËn cïng b»ng “ch, sh, s, x, z’ ta thªm “es” vµ ®äc lµ /iz/ Eg: a class -> classes; a box -> boxes; ..... 4. There is/ There are: ®îc dïng ®Ó chØ sù hiÖn diÖn cña ngêi hay cña vËt. “There is + a/ an + N” chØ sù hiªn diÖn cña 1 ngêi hay 1 vËt. Eg: There is a board in the claaroom. There is a teacher in the classroom. “There are + Ns” chØ sù hiÖn diÖn cña nhiÒu ngêi hay nhiÒu vËt. Eg: There are ten desks in the classroom. There are thirty - two students in my class. §Ó chuyÓn sang c©u phñ ®iÞnh ta thªm “not” vµo ngay sau ®.tõ “to be”: is/ are. There is/ are + not + N(s). Eg: There is not a TV in the room. There are not books on the table. §Ó thµnh lËp c©u hái ta ®æi ®.tõ “to be” lªn tríc. “ Be + there + N(s)?” Eg: Is there a teacher in the classroom? - Yes, there is. Are there two teachers in the classroom? - No, there aren’t. (are not) 4. C©u hái vÒ sè lîng víi danh tõ ®Õm ®îc. How many + Ns + are there? - There is/ are + sè lîng. Exercises I. §iÒn d¹ng ®óng cña To Be vµo chç trèng 1. What’s _____ this? 2. We ________ classmates. 3. That ________ a book. 4. The children _______ fine. 5. What _____ her name? 6. Nam and Minh _____ students. 7. ____ this your brother? 8. Who ____ those? They ___ my friends. 9. My father ____ a doctor. 10. How old ____ he? He ___ ten. II. Tr¶ lêi c¸c c©u hái theo gîi ý. 1. What is that? à __________________ table. 2. Where do you live? à _________________ Ha Noi. 3. What are those? à __________________ pens. 4. Is that your bag? à Yes. _______________ . 5. What is this? à __________________ eraser. III. ChuyÓn c¸c c©u sau sang d¹ng sè nhiÒu 1. This is a telephone. à __________________ 2. That is a house. à __________________ 3. I am ten years old. à __________________ 4. What is this? à __________________ 5. It is a desk. à __________________ 6. He is a teacher. -> ___________________________ 7. You are students -> .................................................... 8. She is my sister -> ..................................................... 9. What is that? -> .......................................................... 10. It is my book. -> ....................................................... IV. Söa lçi c¸c c©u sau 1. We are fine, thanks you. 2. Where are you live? 3. I’m ten year old. 4. I live in Le Loi street. 5. This is books and those are pen. V. H·y ®iÒn: I, we, you, she, he, it, they, my, our, his, her, its, their vµo mçi chç trèng c¸c c©u sau 1. I am Lan. This is ___ sister. ___ name is Mai. ___ a doctor. 2. This is Mr Tung with ___ students. 3. Mr Minh and Mrs Lam are in the living room. ___ are teachers. There are four people in ____ family. 4. What is this? ___ is a book. 5. How old are Linh and Lan? ____ are twelve years old. 6. What are those? _____ are armchairs. 7. Hi, ___ am Nam, this is ____ brother, Minh. 8. We are in ____ house. 9. What is _____ name? My name is Ba. 10. Thai is my mother. ____ name is Hoa. ____ is thirty - five years old. Danh từ số ít, số nhiều I. Cách thành lập danh từ số nhiều: Thông thường danh từ số nhiều có thêm S ở cuối a book ( một quyển sách) books ( những quyển sách) a table ( một cái bàn ) tables ( những cái bàn ) Những danh từ tận cùng là : x, s, o, ch, sh, z : ta thêm “es” a bus buses ( những chiếc xe buýt) a couch couches ( những cái ghế sa lông dài). Những danh từ tận cùng bằng Y có 2 trường hợp xaû ra: Y đứng sau các phụ âm thì đổi Y thành i rồi thêm es. a city cities ( những thành phố ) a family families ( những gia đình ) Y đứng sau các chữ cái nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, i ) thì thêm s ở phía sau. a key keys ( những chiếc chìa khóa ) a boy boys ( những cậu bé ) Danh từ tận cùng bằng f hoặc fe, ta đổi f hoặc fe thành v sau đó thêm es vào . a knife knives ( những con dao) ; a leaf leaves ( những chiếc lá) Danh từ tận cùng là nguyên âm o và đứng trước nó là một phụ âm ta thêm es vào. a potato potatoes ( những củ khoai tây ) a tomato tomatoes ( những quả cà chua ) Danh từ tận cùng bằng một nguyên âm o và đứng trước nó là một nguyên âm ta chỉ thêm s : a kangaroo kangaroos ( những con chuộc túi ) a radio radios ( những chiếc máy rađiô) Một số danh từ khi thành lập số nhiều có dạng đổi đặc biệt: a woman women (những người đàn bà ) a man men ( những người đàn ông ) a child children ( những đứa trẻ con ) a mouse mice ( những con chuột ) a tooth teeth ( những cái răng ) a foot feet ( những bàn chân ) a groose greese ( những con ngổng ) a person people ( người ) an ox oxen ( những con bò ) II. Cách phát âm: Cách phát âm các danh từ tận cùng bằng s, es. Chữ s được phát âm là /s/ khi danh từ cso các âm tận cùng là: k, f, p, t, th. /s/: Books , streets . Chữ s được phát âm là /iz/ khi các danh từ có tận cùng là chữ cái: s, x, sh, ch, ce, ge, z. / iz/: Couches , kisses, taxes, classes sentences watches. Chữ s được phát âm /z/; loại trừ 2 trường hợp nói trên thì còn lại: /z/: plays, teachers, rulers, Chú ý: khi es được thêm vào các danh từ có tận cùng là phụ âm + y ta phát âm es là /z/ /z/: City cities ; story stories ; family families Exercises I. §iÒn tÝnh tõ së h÷u thÝch hîp vµo chç trèng 1. What’s her name? _______ name is Xuan. 2. Is ____ name Tam? No. ________ name is Binh. 3. They are engineers. ________ names are John and Davie. 4. Is this your ruler? Yes. It is _______ ruler. 5. This is Nam and that is _______ book. 6. We are in classroom. ______ friends are, too. 7. My dog is intelligent. _______ name is Phen. 8. Is that _______ teacher? No, this is my teacher. 9. There are four people in ________ family. 10. I and Lan are students of class 6A. ______ classroom is there. II. §Æt c©u hái cho c¸c tõ g¹ch ch©n sau. 1. My name is Linh. 2. It’s a school bag. 3. They are tables. 4. She is Miss Robinson. 5. Yes. That is Tam’s school. 6. Her name is Vy, not Lan. 7. I am eleven years old. 8. This is her sister. 9. No. She is Tuyet. 10. His father is 60 years old. III. Chän ®¸p ¸n ®óng. Phong and Nam (am/ is/ are) ten years old. My brother and I( am/ is/are) students. That is my father. (He/She/It) is thirty- nine years old. This is his sister. (My/His/Her) name is Hanh. Hello, (my/his/her) name is Tan. I’m a student. (How many/ How old/ How) is he? He’s twenty. (Who/How/What) is that? That’s a lamp. How many books are there? There(am/is/are) one. My house is (at/from/in/on) the fifth floor. Is she (an/ a /one/ ) nurse? She does( his/her/she/my) homework in the evening. Thu and Nga help(her/ she/their/they) mother after school. (This/There/That/He) is a lake near the hotel. 14. What (is / are) those? 15. That’s my dog. (Its/ It’s) name is Reck. IV GhÐp c©u hái víi c©u tr¶ lêi thÝch hîp How are you? A. I live on Nguyen Trai street. What’s that? B. Yes. That is my pencil. Where do you live? C. His name is Phong. How old is Lan? D. I’m fine. Is that your pencil? E. She is eleven. How do you spell it? F. This is my sister. What’s his name? G. It’s a stereo. Who is this? H. M-A-I. C¸c cÊu tróc c©u víi ®éng tõ To be I. C¸c d¹ng c©u 1. C©u kh¼ng ®Þnh: (+) S + be + adj/ N. Eg: I am a student. They are students. 2. C©u phñ ®Þnh. (-) S + be not + adj/ N. Eg: I am not a student. Minh is not a student. 3. C©u nghi vÊn ( Yes - No questions) (?) Be + S + adj/ N? - Yes, S + be/ _ No, S + be not. Ex: Is he a teacher? àYes, he is. Ex: Are Lan and Mai students in class 6A? àNo, they are not. Ex: How many classroom are there? There are 24 classrooms. Ex: How many books are there? There is a/ one book. THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE (Thì hiện tại đơn) Form: ë th× hiÖn t¹i ®éng tõ thêng cã 2 d¹ng: * Víi ng«i thø 3 sè Ýt: He / She / It ( tªn riªng cña 1 ngêi, 1 vËt) §.tõ ®îc thªm “s/ es” Eg: He gets up at 6.00. Nam washes his face. Víi c¸c ®.tõ kÕt thóc bëi “ch, sh, s, x, z” th× thªm “es” vµ ®äc lµ / iz/ ®Æc biÖt “do -> does, go -> goes, have-> has” Eg: plays # studies. Eg: My sister has breakfast at 6.30. Lan goes to school every morning. * Víi c¸c ng«i cßn l¹i: I/ We/ you/ they (2 ngêi, 2 vËt) ®.tõ ®îc gi÷ nguyªn Eg: I get up at 6.00 You wash your face. We go to school every afternoon. Mai and Hoa have breakfast at 6.30. * Form: (+) S + V(s/es) To be: - Affirmative: S + V1 S + am/is/are - Negative: S + do/does + not + V.. S + am/is/are + not.. - Interrogative: Do/Does + S + V.? Am/Is/Are + S .? (I, We, You, They: do He, She, It: does) * S + have/ has ....... = There is/ are ......... in .......... Eg: My family has four people = There are four people in my family. My school has two floors = There are two floors in my school. C¸c chñ ®iÓm ng÷ ph¸p trong Unit 4. CÊu tróc c©u miªu t¶ : S + be(not) + adj . Eg: My school is big Së h÷u c¸ch cña danh tõ: chØ d.tõ thuéc vÒ ai . Víi d.tõ sè Ýt th× thªm :’s” vµo sau d.tõ EG: Mai’s book is on the table. Víi d.tõ sè nhiÒu tËn cïng b»ng “s” th× thªm “’”, ko tËn cïng b»ng “s” th× thªm “’s” nh b×nh thêng. Eg: The children’s pens are new. The students’ bags are on the ta table. S + be(not) + adj . Eg: My school is big Exercises I. Chia ®.tõ trong ngoÆc 1. Thu often ______ (get) up at 4:30. 2. We _______ (watch) TV every night. 3. Tan and Lan ________ (play) games after school. 4. She _____ (have) lunch at 11. 5. Bin _____ (do) homework every night. 6. We (go) to school every day. 7. Ba (wash) his face at 6.10. 8. My school (have) 16 classrooms. 9. My mother ( listen) to music every evening. 10. My house (be) in the country. II. §æi c¸c c©u sau sang phñ ®Þnh vµ nghi vÊn 1. He often gets up at 6. 2. They are teachers. 3. Mai always goes to school early. 4. We live in the country. 5. She likes school. 6. There is a couch in the room. 7. Nam has breakfast at 7:30 each morning. 8. These are pencils. 9. That is his teacher. 10. They usually get up 5. III. Chia ®.tõ trong ngoÆc 1. Thu often ______ (get) up at 4:30. 2. We _______ (watch) TV every night. 3. Tan and Lan ________ (play) games after school. 4. She _____ (have) lunch at 11. 5. Bin _____ (do) homework every night. IV Chän ®¸p ¸n ®óng 1. Phong and Nam ____ ten years old. a. am b. is c. are d. be 2. This id my sister. ______ name is Hanh. a. My b. his c. Her d. Its 3. ______ is he? - He’s twenty. a. How many b. How old c. How d. How long 4. _____ is that? - It’s a lamp. a. Who b. How c. What d. Which 5. How many books are there? - There ______ one. a. am b. is c. are d. ± V. Nèi c©u hái víi c©u tr¶ lêi thÝch hîp. A B 1. How are you? a. I live on Nguyen Hue Street. 2. What’s that? b. Yes. That is my pencil. 3. Where do you live? c. His name is Phong. 4. How old is Lan? d. I’m fine. 5. Is that your pencil? e. She is eleven. 6. How do you spell it? f. That is my sister. 7. What’s his name? g. It’s a stereo. 8. Who is this? h. M-A-I. VI. §iÒn tõ thÝch hîp vµo chç trèng. 1. This is ______ armchair. 2. I live _______ a city. 3. There are four people ___ my family. 4. _____ is that? - It’s an eraser. 5. She usually ______ up at 6:00. ÔN TẬP I. §iÒn tõ thÝch hîp vµo chç trèng. This ____ my family. There ______ five people ____ my family: my father, my mother, my sister, my brother and me. We live _____ Quang Trung street. My father is forty _____ old. He is ____ teacher. My mother is thirty-nine. ______ a nurse. My brother is twelve and my sister is ten. We ___ students. II. Tr¶ lêi c¸c c©u hái sau.
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