Bài tập Tiếng Anh 10

GLOSSARY
architect ['ɑ:kitekt] kiến trúc sư
arrogant ['ỉrəgənt] kiêu ngạo, kiêu căng
bother ['bɔðə] điều bực mình, điều khó chịu, what a bother! chà, phiền quá
làm buờn bực, làm phiền, quấy rầy
brave [breiv] gan dạ, can đảm, dũng cảm
burglar ['bə:glə] kẻ trợm 
capacity kə'pỉsiti] sức chứa
communal ['kɔmjunl] cơng, chung, cơng cợng
courteous 'kə:tjəs] lịch sự, nhã nhặn
coward ['kauəd] người nhát gan, người nhút nhát; người hèn nhát
(tính từ) nhát gan, nhút nhát; hèn nhát
cramped [krỉmpt] chật hẹp, tù túng
customer ['kʌstəmə] khách hàng
facsimile [fỉk'simili] bản sao, bản chép
fax [fỉks] bản sao của mợt tài liệu; bản fax
graphics ['grỉfiks] hình vẽ; đờ hoạ
in operation: hoạt động, cĩ tác dụng
make: mác, hiệu
network ['netwə:k] mạng lưới, hệ thớng
notify ['noutifai] ( to notify somebody of something; to notify something to somebody) báo tin ; thơng báo; cho hay; cho biết
à notification
pacifist ['pỉsifist] = pacificist [pə'sifisist] người theo chủ nghĩa hịa bình
pickpocket ['pik,pɔkit] kẻ móc túi
punctual ['pʌηkt∫uəl] đúng giờ (khơng chậm trễ)
recipient [ri'sipiənt] người nhận 
reduction [ri'dʌk∫n] sự thu nhỏ, sự giảm bớt
release [ri'li:s] sự thả, sự phóng thích
secure [si'kjuə] ( secure about something) khơng có cảm giác lo âu, nghi ngờ; an tâm; yên tâm; bảo đảm
shoplifter ['∫ɔp'liftə] kẻ cắp giả làm khách mua hàng
spacious ['spei∫əs] rợng rãi
speedy ['spi:di]nhanh chóng
subscribe [səb'skraib]( to subscribe to something) đặt mua dài hạn
surface mail: thư gửi bằng đường bộ hay đường biển
telecommunications [,telikə,mju:ni'kei∫nz] viễn thơng
telegram ['teligrỉm] bức điện tín
tenant 'tenənt] người thuê, người mướn
thoughtful ['θɔ:tfl] có suy nghĩ, chín chắn, thận trọng, thâm trầm, chu đáo; quan tâm; ân ần
transaction [trỉn'zỉk∫n] sự giao dịch
transfer ['trỉnsfə:] sự di chuyển, sự dời chỡ; 
transmission [trỉnz'mi∫n] sự phát, sự truyền
(Open daily from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m.) 
Thanh Ba Post Office is equipped with advanced technology and a spacious and pleasant front office. We offer the best services with a well-trained staff, who are always thoughtful and courteous to customers. 
Mail and Parcel Service 
You can choose to send your letters by air or surface mail. We also have the Express Mail Service and your EMS mail will be delivered in the shortest possible time. 
The maximum weight limit of a parcel is 31.5 kg. We offer a very competitive rate for parcels of under 15 kg. 
Express Money Transfer 
Just imagine your relatives are living over one thousand kilometres away from you and you want to send them some money quickly. This speedy and secure service of transferring money can be useful. The money will be sent to your relatives in less than 24 hours. 
Phone Calls and Faxes 
Besides the ordinary telephone call service, our Post Office provides the Messenger Call Service. This service helps you to notify the recipient of the time and place to receive the call. 
If you want to send a document and do not want to lose its original shape, our facsimile service will help you. Fax transmission has now become a cheap and convenient way to transmit texts and graphics over distances. 
Press Distribution 
Don't bother to go out early to buy your daily newspapers. Just subscribe to your favourite newspapers and magazines and we will deliver them to your house early in the morning. 
Task 1 . Circle the word that has the opposite meaning to the italicised word. 
Thanh Ba Post Office has a spacious and pleasant front office. 
	A. large 	B. beautiful 	C. cramped 	D. open 
Our well-trained staff are always courteous to customers. 
	A. helpful 	B. rude 	C. friendly 	D. open 
This speedy and secure service of transferring money can be useful. 
	A. rapid 	B. hurried 	C. careful 	D.' slow 
If you want to send a document and do not want to lose its original shape, send it by a fax machine. 
	A. unique 	B. outdated 	C. changed 	D. imaginative 
Task 2. Read the text again and then answer the following questions. 
What is Thanh Ba Post Office equipped with?
..
What services are offered at Thanh Ba Post Office?
..
What are the three different ways of sending a letter?
..
What is the Messenger Call Service used for? 
..
What will you have to do if you want to get your newspapers and magazines delivered to your house?
..
GRAMMAR FOCUS
 RELATIVE CLAUSES
* Relative pronouns: who, whom, which, whose, that.
- The man gave me the money. He met me at the airport.
à The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.
- This is the man. We saw him at the party yesterday.
à This is the man whom we saw at the party yesterday.
- The pencil belongs to me. It is in your pocket.
à The pencil which is in your pocket belongs to me.
- The car is very expensive. He bought it.
à The car which he bought is very expensive.
- That is the man. His wallet was stolen.	 
à That is the man whose wallet was stolen.
- The tree should be cut down. The branches of the tree are dead.
à The tree whose branches are dead should be cut down.
Subject
Object
Possessive
For people
Who / that
whom / who / that
whose
For things, animals
Which / that
which / that
whose
Thông thường ta có thể dùng that để thay thế cho who, whom hoặc which.
- The man that met me at the airport gave me the money.
- This is the man that we saw at the party yesterday.
- The pencil that is in your pocket belongs to me.
- The car that he bought is very expensive.
* Ta cần phân biệt mệnh đề quan hệ làm hai loại : mệnh đề xác định (defining relative clause) và mệnh đề không xác định (non-defining relative clause) :
(*) Defining clause : (hoặc Restrictive clause) 
- The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.
Mệnh đề who met me at the airport là mệnh đề quan hệ xác định vì nó rất cần thiết để định nghĩa hoặc giải thích cho tiền vị từ the man. Nếu không có nó, từ the man sẽ rất mơ hồ và ta không biết người đàn ông đó là ai.
- The book (which / that) you lent me is very interesting.
- The man (whom / that) you met yesterday is coming to my house for dinner.
 (*) Non-defining clause : (hoặc Non-restrictive clause)
- Shakespeare, who wrote “Romeo and Juliet”, died in 1616.
Mệnh đề who wrote “Romeo and Juliet” là mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định vì nó chỉ bổ túc thêm nghĩa cho tiền vị từ Shakespeare nên dù có bỏ đi mệnh đề này thì nghĩa của câu văn vẫn rõ ràng. Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định thường được ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy (trước và sau mệnh đề) và không được dùng that để thay thế cho who, whom hay which.
- My brother Jack, who came here last night, is an engineer.
- That house, which was built a few months ago, doesn’t look modern.
- Vietnam, which lies in Southeast Asia, is rich in coal.
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định được dùng khi tiền vị từ là tiếng được xác định : thường là danh từ riêng chỉ người hay địa danh (Mr. Brown, Vietnam), hoặc danh từ đi với các tính từ chỉ định (this, that) hay tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their) hoặc do ta tự qui định lấy.
-A man, who said he knew my father, asked me for money.
(Có một người mà người đó nói rằng biết ba tôi hỏi xin tiền tôi.)
where, when , why 
- That is the village in which I used to live.
à That is the village where I used to live.
- Sunday is the day on which most people rest.
à Sunday is the day when most people rest.
- There must be a reason for which you said that.
à There must be a reason why you said that.
In (on / at) which --- (place)-- à where
On (in / at) which ---(time )-- à when
For which --(reason)-- à why
Where và when có thể được dùng để giới thiệu mệnh đề xác định và mệnh đề không xác định.
- We visited the town where I was born. (defining)
- I bought them at the supermarket, where I met Mrs.Brown. (non-defining)
- I saw the film last year, when I was in Paris. (non-defining)
- I think that was the time when I lost all my money. (defining)
Why thường được dùng trong mệnh đề xác định và thường theo sau a reason hay the reason.
- That is the reason why I didn’t come to the party yesterday.
Where, when và why được gọi là trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs)
EXERCISE I: Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns :
	1/ This is the man. I met him in Paris.
- ________________________________________________
	2/ I wanted the painting. You bought it.
- ________________________________________________
	3/ This is the chair. My parents gave it to me.
- ________________________________________________
	4/ She’s the woman. She telephoned the police.
- ________________________________________________
	5/ He’s the person. He wanted to buy your house.
- ________________________________________________
	6/ We threw out the computer. It never worked properly.
- ________________________________________________
	7/ This is the lion. It’s been ill recently.
- ________________________________________________
	8/ The man was badly injured. He was driving the car.
- ________________________________________________
	9/ The children broke the window. They live in the next street.
- ________________________________________________
	10/ That’s the woman. I was telling you about her.
- ________________________________________________
EXERCISE II : Combine these pairs of sentences using relative pronouns:
	1/ There’s the lady. Her dog was killed.
- ________________________________________________
	2/ That’s the man. He’s going to buy the company.
- ________________________________________________
	3/ He’s the person. His car was stolen.
- ________________________________________________
	4/ She’s the new doctor. The doctor’s coming to the hospital next week.
- ________________________________________________
	5/ She’s the journalist. Her article was on the front page of The Times.
- ________________________________________________
	6/ They’re the people. Their shop burned down last week.
- ________________________________________________
	7/ That’s the sales director. He’s leaving in March.
- ________________________________________________
	8/ I’m the person. You stayed in my flat.
- ________________________________________________
	9/ That’s the boy. He’s just got a place at university.
- ________________________________________________
	10/ I’m the one. My flat was broken into.
- ________________________________________________
EXERCISE III: Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns :
	1/ The man didn’t come back again. I shouted at him.
- ________________________________________________
	2/ The television never worked again. I dropped it.
- ________________________________________________
	3/ The machine was broken. I hired it.
- ________________________________________________
	4/ The clothes were beautiful. She bought some clothes.
- ________________________________________________
	5/ The wall fell down after three weeks. They built the wall.
- ________________________________________________
	6/ The policeman wasn’t very helpful. I asked him.
- ________________________________________________
	7/ I didn’t really like the car. We bought it.
- ________________________________________________
	8/ I lost the money. I borrowed it from John.
- ________________________________________________
	9/ I really liked the new teacher. They sent the new teacher.
- ________________________________________________
	10/ I sacked a sales assistant. I had a terrible argument with him.
- ________________________________________________
EXERCISE IV: Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.
	1/ We need a room. We can study in that room.
- ________________________________________________
	2/ Swimming makes people strong. It is a good sport.
- ________________________________________________
	3/ This is Mrs. Jones. Her son won the championship last year.
- ________________________________________________
	4/ The Smiths were given rooms in the hotel. Their house had been destroyed in the explosion.
- ________________________________________________
	5/ He invited her to eat out on a day. It rained heavily on that day.
- ________________________________________________
	6/ The house was built in 1945. They are living in that house.
- ________________________________________________
	7/ The reason was that he didn’t want to make her worried. He didn’t tell the truth for that reason.
- ________________________________________________
	8/ The day was sunny. She arrived on that day.
- ________________________________________________
	9/ I know the woman. You bought the car from her son.
- ________________________________________________
	10/ Are you the man? The man won the first prize.
- ________________________________________________
EXERCISE V : Join each pair of sentences, using a relative pronoun.
1/ She’s the one. I told you about her.
- She’s the one whom I told you about.
2/ I don’t like the people. They are staying with the Browns.
- ____________________________________________________________________
3/ I like books. They make you think about things.
- ____________________________________________________________________
4/ I’m looking for the person. I’ve just hit his car.
- ____________________________________________________________________
5/ Most of the books are still popular today. I read them as a child.
- ____________________________________________________________________
6/ You can buy a pasta from that Italian shop. It has just opened in the High Street.
- ____________________________________________________________________
7/ The woman is coming back soon. I’m doing her job.
- ____________________________________________________________________
8/ Is she the new television presenter? Everybody’s talking about her.
- ____________________________________________________________________
9/Is Technico the company? Sarah works for the company.
- ____________________________________________________________________
10/ This is the job. I’ve always wanted it.
- ____________________________________________________________________
11/ The swimming pool is only open to the public in the mornings. I use it.
- ____________________________________________________________________
12/ We’ve just bought a computer package. It teaches you how to play the piano.
- ____________________________________________________________________
13/ My favourite holiday is the one. We spent it in a cottage in the mountains.
- ____________________________________________________________________
14/ We haven’t seen the friends for ten years. They are coming to visit us this weekend.
- ____________________________________________________________________
EXERCISE VI: Combine each pair of sentences, using a relative pronoun.
1/ When I was in town , I met your sister. She was shopping for some clothes.
- ____________________________________________________________________
2/ Their house needs a lot of work doing to it. It is near the beach.
- ____________________________________________________________________
3/ Sandra’s just got a new job with Capital Insurers. It’s a much better company than the last one she worked for.
- ____________________________________________________________________
4/ That new manager seems to be a very capable woman. I met her last week.
- ____________________________________________________________________
5/ This case is full of books. I carried it all the way from the station.
- ____________________________________________________________________
6/ Her latest novel is good. I read it on holiday.
- ____________________________________________________________________
7/ This sales manager is planning a new advertising compaign. I support her idea.
- ____________________________________________________________________
8/ My parents send their best wishes. You met them last month.
- ____________________________________________________________________
9/ Maria is my sister’s friend. I introduced you to Maria last night.
- ____________________________________________________________________
10/ The book is about Dannis Thatcher. His wife became Prime Minister.
- ____________________________________________________________________
11/ Robert Gibbs has been recaptured. He escaped from prison last Friday.
- ____________________________________________________________________
MORE EXERCISES
I. Complete these sentences with the correct form of the words given below. 
compete, courteous, transmit, subscribe, deliver, post, satisfy, distribute, transfer, space
All mail ____________ were suspended during the strike. 
It's only common ____________ to thank someone when they help. 
Do you wish to take out a full twelve-month ____________ to the journal? 
We offer a wide range of good's at very ____________ prices. 
If you are ____________ with our service, please write to the manager. 
This ticket is only used by the person who bought it. It is not ____________	 
Fax ____________ has now become a cheap and convenient way to transmit texts over distances. 
White walls can give a feeling of ____________	 
The newspaper is ____________ free. 
How much was the ____________ on that letter? 
II. Write the information in brackets as a relative clause (defining or non-defining) in an appropriate place in the sentence. Give alternative relative pronouns if possible. 
Julia's father has just come back from a skiing holiday. (he is over 80) 
The problems faced by the company are being resolved. (I'll look at these in detail in a moment) 
Parents are being asked to take part in the survey. (their children are between four and six) 
The Roman coins are now on display in the National Museum. (a local farmer came across them in a field) 
These drugs have been withdrawn from sale. (they are used to treat stomach ulcers) 
The minister talked about the plans for tax reform. (he will reveal them next month) 
My aunt is now a manager of a department store. (her first job was filling shelves in a supermarket) 
John Graham's latest film is his first for more than five years. (the film is set in the north of Australia) 
III. Choose the best answer. 
Post office is a place 	you can buy stamps, mail letters and packages, and receive mail. 
	a. that 	b. which 	c. where 	d. in which 
Do you know the date 	we have to hand in the essay? 
	a. which 	I b. in which 	c. on that 	d. when 
My uncle __________ you met yesterday is a lawyer. 
	a. which 	b. who 	c. whose 	d. to whom 
The council is in discussion with Lord Thomas, 	land most of the village is built on. 
	a. who 	b. whom 	c. whose 	d. that 
These adults, 	come to my night class, are very eager to learn. 
	a. whose 	b. who 	c. that 	d. when 
Regina, ___________ you have never met before, is a genius in painting. 
	a. that 	b. whose 	c. whom 	d. whoever 
The paintings ___________ Mr. Flowers has in his house are worth around $ 100,000. 
	a. which 	b. whose 	c. what 	d. whom 
Oxford, __________ attracts many tourists, is often crowded in the summer. 
	a. that 	b. which 	c. whose 	d. where 
It's the best film 	has ever been made about madness. 
	a. which 	b. whom 	c. whose 	d. that . 
She cycled from London to Glasgow, ___________ is pretty good for a woman of 75. 
	a. that 	b. what 	c. which 	d. where 
Most folk songs are ballads __________ have simple words and tell simple stories. 
	a. what 	b. when 	c. where 	d. that 
__________ wins will go on to play Barcelona in the final. 
	a. Who 	b. Whoever 	c. Which 	d. Whichever 
I think the reason 	we get on so well is that we both enjoy talking. 
	a. why