I. TENSES 1. Present Simple tense.( Thì hiện tại đơn) - Form: + S + V/Vs / es + . Ex -The earth goes around the sun. S + don’t/doesn’t + V+ .-We don’t have classes on Sunday. ? Do/Does + S + V + .? - Does Lan speak French? *Adverbs:Always, Usually, Sometimes, Often, Every, 2. Past Simple Tense (Thì quá khứ đơn) - Form: + S + V-ed / V2 + / S + WAS/ WERE Ex : - He arrived here yesterday. - S + didn’t + V + . - She didn’t go to school yesterday. ? Did + S + V + ? - Did you clean this table? - Note: Thì quá khứ đơn thường được dùng với các cum từ : last week / month / year . . ., (a week / 3 days / 5 months) ago . , yesterday morning / evening, In+ năm, from 2000 to2005 3. Present perfect tense( Thì hiện tại hoàn thành ) S + have/has +V3/ Ved; (-) S + haven’t/hasn’t +V3/ Ved ;(?)Have/Has +S+V3/ Ved? * For : Chỉ thời gian kéo dài bao lâu. Ex: You have studied English for 4 years. * Since: thời gian bắt đầu từ lúc nào Ex: She has studied English since 2003. - just, already, recently, lately, ever ( never) . before, not yet 4. Future simple Tense ( Thì tương lai đơn) :next, tomorrow, tonight - Form : + S + will / shall + V + Ex: He will finish his homework tomorrow . - S+ won’t / shan’t + V + .. Lan won’t go to the zoo next week. ? Will / Shall + S + V + . ? Will you do this exercise ? 5. Present progressive Tense ( Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn ) -Form : + S + is / am/ are + V-ing + Ex : I’m learning English now. - S + is / am/ are + not + V-ing + He isn’t learning English now. ? Is / Am / Are + S + V-ing + ? Is he reading books now? Note: Các trạng từ : now, right now,at present , at the moment để nhấn mạnh tính chất đang diễn tiến của hành động ở ngay lúc nói . 6. Near Future: Be going to ( thì tương lai gần ) - Form : S + is / am/ are + going to + V(0) Ex: I feel tired . I think I’m going to be sick. 7. The passive form (voice) Form: BE + V3/ ed (past participle) Ex: They sell jeans all over the world. => Jeans are sold all over the world. 8. Modal verbs: ( can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, have (has) to, ought to, be going to ) - Form : + S + modal verb + V + . Ex : I can sing very well. - S + modal verb + not + V + Ex : Hoa may not come to the party tomorrow. ? Modal verb + S + V + .? Ex : May I come in ? II. Pattern: ( Mẫu câu) 1. USED TO + V(0) : dùng miêu tả thói quen , một việc thường xảy ra trong quá khứ . S + USED TO + Vo.. Ex: When I was young, I used to look after my younger brothers. Note: Cần chú ý: + Used to + V(0) -> chỉ thói quen trong quá khứ (past habit) Ex: When he was a boy, he used to go swimming. + To be + used to+ V-ing -> chỉ thói quen hoặc việc thường xảy ra ở hiện tại (present habit) To get + used to+ V-ing -> trở nên quen với Ex : I am used to reading in the library. II. PUT THE VERBS IN CORRECT TENSES: Maryam ( have) a good time last summer. Nam and Hoa ( do). homework now. Nga used to (wear)a pair of glasses. Hoa (fail) .her exam and had to leave home. Jeans (never, be )out of fashion. Yoko (live)here since she was born in 1990. “ War and Peace” (be) .the longest book I ‘ve ever read. I ( not, receive )the payment from Peter yet. Liz (sit) .in the room when Ba came. Which dress did Van ( choose) ? Mrs Paker feeds the chickens and (collect)the eggs. She (come ) .to England next year. Every afternoon, I ( go )..for a walk in the garden. He often (stay).in bed late on Sundays. The sun (rise).up early in the summer. My coming exams (be)in two weeks. He (use to) .email me regularly last year. Nobody (write)to me for a long time. The canteen often (open ).at 7. Each of the players (weigh).over 60 kilos. Every morning he (brush) ..his teeth. There used to (be)a store at the corner. “Where is Polly?” – She (read)..in the room now. Lan (meet).her friends when she was reading in the library. They didn’t (use to).go to the theater when they were young. He (drink)a cup of tea when the telephone rang. We must (go)home right now. We (not, see).Julie for a long time. His sense of humor (distinguish)..him from others. Nguyen always (phone)me at 9.00. We (meet) .his parents yesterday. Loan (buy)a sweater for her sister on her last trip to Dalat. They (travel).to Hue every summer. Independence Day (come)on September the second. The baby (cry)..now, but no one (hear) her The school (be)in bad condition three years ago. They (work)..at seven o’clock last night. I were sleeping when the telephone (ring) We (come) to the meeting at 3 o’clock tomorrow. Next month, people (not, use)this rule anymore. People (build)..a market here in 2012. What you (do)..every evening? .she (clean).the room yesterday? They (held) .a party next Sunday. They (build)Eiffel Tower in 1889. My father (teach).me how to ride a bike last year. Tom (send).his boss a report every Saturday. You ought to (do)homework carefully. She (tell)me the truth last night. The students (sweep).the schoolyard every day. My brother usually (wash)..his car on Sunday. It’s very kind of you (help).me! It’s necessary (study).English. The children like (walk)in the rain. We enjoy (collect)..stamps. I (start).living here 2 years ago. My bedroom (be) .for all my books. (Read).newspaper is my hobby. It’s very cold outside. I have to (wear).a coat. Mai (leave)....for Hanoi last year, and she (live)here since then. He (write)..a novel at the moment. I (study).France for almost three years. My uncle (call)me to his house yesterday. We used to (play)..a lot of outdoor sports in summer. I (not, use to)..get up late when I was young. When you last (see)Tim? Lan enjoyed the peaceful atmosphere while Maryam (pray).. Paola wants to know whether I (come).back tomorrow or not. What activity you (take)part in at school? I (not, meet).Nam for six months. The Pikes (move)to London since 1999. Mai (buy)..some new story books last night. The children often (visit)their grandma on weekend. We (know)each other quite well for many years. The phone (ring)at midnight last Sunday. Phong (make).a book report next week. That film (show).on TV last month. People (speak)English in India long time ago. Thu (look)after her brother next Monday. This book (just, publish)by Kim Dong publisher. II/ PASSIVE FORM: TENSE ACTIVE( chủ động) PASSIVE(bị động) HTĐ S + V/Vs / es + O S + don’t/doesn’t + Vo + O Do/Does + S + Vo + O.? S + AM/ IS/ ARE + Ved/3 + BY O S + AM/ IS/ ARE(NOT) +Ved/3 + BY O AM/ IS/ ARE + S + Ved/ 3 + BY O ? HTTD S + AM/ IS / ARE + Ving S + am/ is/ are + BEING + Ved/3 + byO QKĐ S + Ved/2 + O S + WAS/ WERE + Ved/3 + by O QKTD S + WAS/WERE + Ving + O S + was/were + BEING + Ved/3 + byO HTHT S + HAS/HAVE + Ved/3 + O S + has / have + BEEN + Ved/3 + byO TLĐ S + Modal verbs(Will) +Vo +By O S + Modal Verbs (Will)+ BE + Ved/3 +byO Cách đổi : Theo cơng thức chung, các bước theo chiều mũi tên. S + V + O S +BE + V ed/3 + by O Lưu ý: Câu chủ động cĩ trạng từ chỉ thời gian đặt sau “ by O” trong câu bị động. EX: Tom sends a letter this morning. => A letter is sent by Tom this morning. S Vs O TG S be V3 by O TG Câu chủ động cĩ trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đặt trước “ by O” trong câu bị động. EX:I buy a new book at the book shop. => A new book is bought at the book shop by me. S Vo O NC S be V3 NC by O - Câu chủ động cĩ 2 túc từ( 2 “O”), ta cĩ thể đổi theo 2 cách: + Cách 1: Lấy túc từ 1 làm chủ từ, túc từ 2 đặt sau Ved/3. EX: Nam gives me a letter. => I am given a letter by Nam S Vs O1 O2 S be V3 O2 by O + Cách 2 : Lấy túc từ 2 làm chủ từ, thêm “ to” trước túc từ 1 và đặt sau V3/ed. Nam gives me a letter. => A letter is given to me by Nam. S Vs O1 O2 S be V3 O1 by O Chủ từ ( S ) Túc từ (O)–tính từ sở hữu I He She We You They Me My Him His Her Her Us Our You Your Them Their II/ CHANGE THESE SENTENCES IN TO PASSIVE: Mary likes milk very much. She opens the door. She is cleaning the floor now. He wrote some letters to me. They were playing chess when we came. We have just finished our homework. She will buy some presents for her son. Someone stole my bike. My mother gave me a new hat. We will build a hospital here. I can do this job. You must do homework before going to bed. People built Saigon more than three hundred years ago. 14. Nguyen Du wrote Truyen Kieu. 15. I have read this story many times. 16. People considered Parrots the most intelligent birds. 17. They may install a new air – conditioner in my classroom. 18. People divided Malaysia into two regions. 19. They are repairing this street. 20. Farmers used to do farmwork by hands. 21. People are going to make some fashion dresses. 22. They show his photographs on TV. 23. We ought to do something about this. 24. He threw a lighted cigarette into a washbasket. 25. He sent me a nice gift on my birthday. 26. The police are questioning him. 27. The boy kiced the ball. 28. We have to tell Mary about our change. 29. We should save natural resouces. 30. They built our school in 1976. 31. We have made an appointment to see the boss. 32. He is going to build a new bridge in this area. 33. They grow rice in tropical countries. 34. Noone can answer this question. 35. She hasn’t done her exercises yet. 36. My sister sweeps the floor everyday. 37. The students are planting trees in the schoolyard. 38. My father will buy a new car next month. 39. Our friends should visit me next Sunday. 40. I watched this cartoon on Tv last night. 41. Tim attended the English course last summer. 42. They will complete a new highway next year. 43. My aunt made a sweater for her son. 44. She teaches us grammar and writing. 45. Lan is going to invite her friends to her birthday party. 46. My mother asked me to be home before 10pm. 47. Thomas Edison invented the electric light bulb. 48. She makes coffee for her parents everyday. 49. People speak English in many countries. 50. Everybody should keep food in the refrigerator to keep it fresh. Phong has to return the books to the library. People must repair that old building. The war destroyed all the ancient constructions. 54. The government will rebuild the Memorial Monument. The teacher won’t accept the papers written in pencils. 56. The students are discussing about new plan 57. They made the shirts from Hongkong. 58. They have published the story books for a long time. 59. The priciple might interview her. 60. She leaves the books on the table. 61. We can see the village from the top of the hill. 62. We should save paper for future use. 63. They are going to plant more trees along the streets. 64. We should annouce the good news widely. 65. They have shown the film”Titanic” on TV several times. III/ WISH CLAUSES Present wish: Điều ước ở hiện tại., động từ được chia thì quá khứ đơn. Ex: I wish that she (tell)told.me the truth. Tom wishes he (be)werein VietNam now. He wishes he (not, take)did not takepart in the game. S1 + WISH (THAT) + S2 + Ved/3 ( DIDN’T +Vo) + WERE ( WERE N’T) Future wish: Điều ước cho tương lai, động từ được chia “ could/ should+ Vo” EX: She wishes she (become ) could become a doctor in the future. I wish I (speak)could speakall languages. S1 + WISH (THAT) + S2 + COULD/ WOULD/ SHOULD + Vo 3 . Past wish: Điều ước ở quá khứ: Diễn tả mong ước trái ngược với sự thật ở quá khứ. Ex: I did not go out with you yesterday. I wish I had gone out with you yesterday. S1 + WISH + S2 + HAD + Ved/3 WRITE THE CORRECT VERB FORMS: I wish it (stop)raining now. I wish I (stay)..with you longer. I wish I (lend) .you some money in the future. I wish Liz (come)here next Saturday. He wishes he (know).her name now. We wish we (go)shopping together last Sunday. He wishes he (fly). to school. She wishes she (be)the most beautiful girl in the world. I wish he (not, play)..football now. I wish I (live)..in a big city some day. I wish I (go)..to the countryside next week. Lan wishes she (go)to Singapore next summer. I wish I (get)..good marks in the next exam. He wishes he(not,punish)..last night. I didn’t listen to him. I wish I (listen)to him carefully. Thu wishes she( can win).the tennis champion ship. Phong wishes he(visit).Hannoi some day. Lan wishes she (be)an astronaut. They wish they (finish)the test in time now. The girl wishes she (have)enough money to buy that toys. The farmer wishes it (not, rain).heavily this season. Ba’s uncle wishes he( get).good crops this year. The children wish they ( come)..back to visit their grandparents again. Huong wishes she(take)part in the performance next week. My sister wishes she (can ride).a bike to school. Her parents wish she (get).a scholarship next year. B. WRITE WISH SENTENCES: 1. My uncle isn’t here . I wish 2. I don’t have a computer. I wish 3. doesn’t pass the exam. He wishes 4. I can’t open the door. I wish 5. I forgot the keys at home. I wish 6. I am a poor girl. I wish 7. We can’t go to his party. We wish 8. Lan doesn’t have the time table. 9. Hoa is too fat. She wishes 10. It isn’t enough food here. I wish 11. I don’t know many people. I wish 12. He can’t give up smoking. He wishes 13. Minh isn’t here with us.i wish 14. I live very far from school. I wish 15. It’s very cold. I hate the cold weather. I wish 16. Tina can’t come to the party. I wish 17. I am not lying on a beautiful beach. I wish 18. She is absent from the meeting. I wish 19. I didn’t see that film. I wish 20. He don’t have time to travel around the world. He wish 21. I can’t do this exercise. I wish 22. I was born in a big city. I wish 23. Her father isn’t here to help her. She wishes 24. We can’t do the English test. I wish 25. I am sorry I can’t remember your phone. I wish 26. She won’t visit me again. I wish 27. Mary was absent from class yesterday. I wish 28. We are not living in longXuyen. I wish 29. I don’t have a car at home. I wish 30. It rains all day. I wish 31. Our team plays too bad. I wish 32. She failed the final exam. She wishes 33. He isn’t a doctor. He wishes 34.There is a church near my house. I wish 35. There isn’t a river across my house. I wish 36. There will be an exam tomorrow. We wish 37. The library closes on Sunday. I wish 38. I have to work on Saturday. I wish 39. I spent my vacation on the mountain last week. I wish 40. I can’t play the piano. I wish 41. It rains heavily today. I wish 42. She doesn’t join the trip with her classmates. She wishes 43. Phong gets bad marks this semester. He wishes 44. Thu doesn’t have time to do the test. She wishes IV/ IF CLAUSES Mệnh đề IF còn được gọi là Conditional Clause ( Mệnh đề điều kiện) hoặc Adverbial Clause of condition ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ điều kiện ) Loại If clause(Mđ phụ) Main clause(Mđ chính) Example Đk cĩ thể xảy ra Simple present(HTĐ) S +Vo/Vs/es(doesn’t +Vo) Simple present(HTĐ) If he comes, please tell me. Simple present Simple future(TLĐ) S+WILL/SHALL + Vo If it rains, I’ll stay at home 2. Đk khơng thật / trái với sự thật ở hiện tại Simple past(QKĐ) S+Ved/2 (didn’t +Vo) S + were / weren’t Past future S + would/ could/ should + Vo If he had money, he would buy a plane - If I were a pilot, I could fly around the world. WRITE THE CORRECT VERBS FORM: If I (have).free time, I will help you. If Tom comes, please ( call) .me. If it rains, we (not, go).to the beach. They (come)..to visit you if today were Sunday. If the weather (be)..fine, we will go camping. If I (have)a trip abroad, I would go to London. If we had a day off tomorrow, we ( go ).to the mountain. We ‘ll get there fast if we (take)..a train now. If you fell unwell, you (stay)in bed. We will get lost if we (not, take)..a map. If she knew how to do, her mother (be ).pleased. If there (be)water in the house now, we could cook dinner. If he liked chocolate, I (leave)..him some bars. I (plant)trees in the garden if I had one. If you (not, study).hard, you will fail the test. I could understand him if he (speak)..more slowly. If you want to get good grades, you( study)hard. If he (stay)in bed late, he will not have time for breakfast. If we burn trash, we (pollute).the air. Nam would get up early if he (have).. an arlam clock. If Lan went to the wedding, she (meet)her old friends. If you (be)..on the moon now, you would feel so great. They (not, concerntrate)to the work if they listen to music. If a lizard loses his tail, a new one (grow).to replace it. If she (want).to be an architect, she has to study hard at university. If he (not, apologize), I won’t invite him again. If I (be)..a millionaire, I would buy you a plane. If Tom (not, study)..hard, he will fail his test. I will marry her, if I (know)where she lives. If we followed the map, we (not, get).lost. Unless he phones her immediately, she (not, get )the information. The children will go swimming if it(be).sunny. If Nancy (wear)a raincoat, she wouldn’t get cold. If I listened to him, I ( succed). . If it(not, rain)..the picnic wouldn’t be cancelled. Unless you work hard, you( fail).the exam. If Anne (have).enough money, she will buy a T- shirt. If they (be).good, they would get gifts on Easter Day. If my father (have)..an umbrella, he wouldn’t get wet. If I (be)Lan, I would quit this job, If he had a car, he ( travel).the city. If it (begin)..to rain, the football match won’t be finished. If she (be)..good at Math, she will help you. I would play with my brother, if I (know)..how to play this game. If the farmers (have).modern equipments, their life will be better. If he ( have)..a computer, he would type the letter. If they (take)..enough money, they will build a new bridge. He ( answer ) .you if he received your letter. Alex always (take)a trip to the countryside if he has a day off. If the teacher comes, please ( tell)me. She (become).a teacher if she studies hard. If you (not, practice)everyday, you won’t improve your skill. If there (be).a park near my house, I will play soccer there. I (travel)..to Singapore if I had enough money. If he(be).you, he could play that game. If we go on littering water, there (be)..no fresh water to use. Lan must do morning exercise if she (want)..to loose weigh. If you want to be good at English, ( learn)more vocabulary. If the librarian (not, work)today, we couldn’t borrow some books. If the teacher (give)us some exercises, we have to stay home to do it. Her mother (cook)..the meals for family if she returns home early. I (go)..to Lan’s birthday if she invites me. If you have a headache, you( drink)some aspirines. If we all pass the final exam, our teacher (be)very happy. The teacher (not, get)angry if Hoa doesn’t tell her the problem. If she drank a lot of fruits juice, she (be)..very healthy. If I knew how to sew, I (make)..a dress myself. If the children travelled abroad, they (go)..skiing. We (improve)knowledge, if we read more books. If the government (build)more roads, there wouldn’t be many accidents.
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