Tài liệu ôn thi THPT Quốc Gia môn Toán - Chuyên đề: Số phức

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>+ 7+ 6 +6 6 − + 
4 F<

6 K
K
6 = 

D 6

K K
6 = − + 
M+
7 K
7
E
6 
6 
+ −
=
+ −
 F<

DI
K
6 = 

6 H

K K
6 = + 


 3-.#/	
Y#	

Q2	
 6 *'
P
?
? *+S-0#
	
 6 
P&Q
&+ 6 D K6 − − =  F< 
&X
K
 7 6
E K
 E H
6 6 
6 6 
 = = +
⋅
= = +

(+
 7 +
6 7
7
 6

+
+ =
−
 F< 
&X
7

E
 E
6 6 
6 6 
 = =
⋅
= =

+ 6 6 6 66 − + =  F< 
&X
I
 I
D 6 
 D D
6 6
6 6 
 = =
⋅
= = −

>+ 7
E
E D 7
.# 7
6 E D G
6 
6 
 
− + +
= 
 
− + + 
 F< 
&X
I
 I
7I
 H G
6 6
6 6 
 = =
⋅
= = −

M+ 7 E 
6
6 6
6
+
+ = +  F<

66 = 
 66 = − 
N+ 7 6 76 + + =  F<

K 76 = − 


 @Q2	
 ω  E 6 +6 ω = − − *'
P
?-.#*	
 6 
P&Q
 76  6− = + S F<
K K

6 6
ω = − 


 3-.#?5C	
 6 
P&Q 7 76 − = 	
 6 &.
.	
 6 − *'

P
?S F<
6 6 7

6 6
6 
−
= + 


 V
.C	
 6 
P&Q 7 6 K6 − + = 3	
 ω *'
?
(-0# 76 ω = + + S F< D 6 6 = − 


 3  	
 6  
P& Q 6 7 E6 6 6+ = + +  &. 
. 	
 G6ω = −  * '

P
?S F< J D 6 = ± 


 V
.	
 6   R +6 7 8 7 8= + ∈ 
&2
P&Q 76 = @Q2#C-T
?#C-T

P
?9&()
 
 7 8= − S F< 
K
6

 = −  &X
K
6

 = ⋅ 


 3Z	
=	)8()>[	
 6 &.
. 7 6 6 6   +6 − − = ∗ 3h*
Q2	

6 
P& +∗ )	

5.9& 6 (0# 4 S F<
7 D
E D
6 
6 
 = − +
⋅
= +

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